Looking Around (Environment)

Total chapters-22

Chapters for first semester-1st-11^th.

Chapters for 1^st unit test-1 to 4

# 1^st chapter- super senses

# 2 nd chapter- A Snake charmer’s story

# 3 rd chapter- From Tasting to Digesting

# 4^th chapter- Mangoes Round the Year

Chapters for second unit test-5 to 11

# 5th Chapter -Seeds and seeds

# 6 chapter- Every Drop Counts

# 7^th chapter- Experiments with Water

# 8 chapter- A Treat for Mosquitoes

# 9th chapter- Up You Go

11th chapter- Sunita in Space

Chapter 1 Super Senses

QUESTIONS FROM TEXTBOOK SOLVED

1.How did the ant know that the other ants were not from its group?
Ans. Ants and other animals also have different senses. They can see, hear, smell and feel. Due to different senses the ant could know that other ants were not from its group.

2.How did the guard ant recognise this ant?
Ans. The guard ant could recognise this ant because of smell.

Try This and Write
Drop some sugar, jaggery or anything sweet on the ground. Wait until the ants come there.
1.How long did it take for the ants to come?
Ans. It took about 15-20 minutes for ants to come.

2.Did one ant come first or a group of ants came together?
Ans. One ant came first, followed by a group of ants.

3.What did the ants do with the food?
Ans. The ants carried the food to their hole.

4.Where do they go from there?
Ans. They go to their hole from there.

5.Do they move in a line?
Ans. Yes, they move in a line.
Now carefully, without harming the ants, block their path for a while with a pencil.

6.Now, observe, how do the ants move?
Ans. Ants climb up on the pencil. They still move in a line.

7.Now can you guess why the ants behaved like that when you blocked their path?
Ans. As the ant moves, it leaves a smell on the ground. The other ants follow this smell to find the way. Thus, when their path was blocked, ants tried to maintain their path by following the smell.

8.Have you ever been troubled by mosquitoes? Just think, how do they know where you are?
Ans.Mosquitoes can recognise the smell of our body. They can also recognise us by the heat from our body.

9.Have you seen a dog sniffing here and there? What do you think it is trying to smell?
Ans.Yes, I have seen a dog sniffing here and there. A dog can make out the presence of another dog in the area by smelling its urine or faeces. The dog usually smells to find out if a new dog has come in the area.

Write
1. In what ways do human beings make use of this special sense of smell of dogs?
Ans. This special sense of smell of dogs is used by humans in many ways. Some examples are as follows:
(a) For catching criminals.
(b) For detecting stolen goods.
(c) For detecting bombs.

When do you find your sense of smell helpful to you?List some examples. Like— to know by its smell that food has gone bad or that something is burning.
Ans.Apart from smelling bad food or a burning object, we can also recognise the smell of following:
Tasty food, perfume, incense sticks, flowers, sweaty cloths, gas leak in the kitchen, etc.
Name the animals that you would be able to recognise only by their smell, without seeing them.
Ans. We can recognise following animals by their smell:Dogs, cats, buffalo, cow, fish, etc.
Write the names of five things whose smell you like and five things whose smell you do not like.
Ans.

4.Do you and your friends have similar answers?
Ans. Yes, our answers are similar.

Do and Find Out
1. From the smell of the clothes of your family members, can you say whom do they belong to? Try to recognise the clothes of any two members of your family in this way.
Ans. Yes, I can recognise the clothes of my family members by their smell. I could recognise the clothes of my mother and father.

Think and Discuss
1. Sushila covered her nose when she cleaned Deepak’s nappy, but not when she cleaned her daughter. Why do you think she did this?
Ans. When we feel something is dirty, we find its smell bad. In case of Sushila, she thought Deepak’s nappy to be dirty. So, she had to cover her nose. When she was cleaning her daughter’s nappy she did not think of it being dirty.

2.How do you feel when you walk near a heap of garbage? Think of the children who spend the whole day picking things from such garbage.
Ans. I feel bad when I walk near a heap of garbage. Children who spend the whole day picking things from such garbage become used to the smell. Their minds do not get offended by the smell.

3.Is a smell ‘good’ or ‘bad’ for everyone in the same way? Or does it depend on how each one feels about it?
Ans. It depends on how the person thinks about a particular smell. But some smells can always be bad for most of the people.

Let’s See
1. Write the name of a bijd which has eyes in front of its head (like in humans).
Ans. Owl.

2.Write the names of some birds which have eyes on either side of the head. What is the size of their eyes as compared to the size of their head?
Ans. Following birds have eyes on either side of the head:
Pigeons, crows, sparrows, eagles, etc.
Their eyes are very small as compared to the size of their head.

Looking with One or Both Eyes
1.Could you see your friend’s action, without moving your neck?
Ans. I could not see my friend’s action, without moving my neck.

2.Now try to look at your friend’s action with both your eyes open but without moving your neck.
Ans. I! could see my friend’s action now.

What was the difference on looking with one or both eyes?
Ans.I can see a wider area with both eyes as compared to with one eye. I can see better with my both eyes open.

4.Now toss a small ball or a coin and try to catch it. Try this with both your eyes open. Then close one eye and try to catch it. When was it easier to catch?
Ans.It was easier to catch the ball with both eyes open.

5.Imagine how it would be to have your eyes in place of your ears? What would you be able to do then, which you cannot do now?
Ans.If there were eyes on the sides of my head, I could see on my left and right without moving my neck.
Some birds, like kites, eagles, vultures can see four times as far as we can. These birds can see things from a distance of eight metres, what we can see from a distance of two metres.

6.Now can you guess from what distance can an eagle in the sky see a roti on the ground?
Ans.An eagle can see a roti on the ground from a distance of one and a half km to 2 km.

Write
1.The names of ten animals whose ears can be seen.
Ans. Dog, cow, cat, buffalo, rabbit, elephant, lion, zebra, giraffe and mouse.

The names of some animals whose ears are bigger than our ears.
Ans.Elephant, rabbit, cow, buffalo, dog, etc. have ears bigger than our ears.

Think
1.Is there some link between the size of animals’ ears and their hearing?
Ans. There is possibly a link between the size of animals’ ears and its hearing. Animals with bigger ears have better hearing than animals with smaller ears.

Write
1.Can you understand the sounds of some animals? Which animals?
Ans. Yes, I can understand the sound of some animals. I can easily tell the sound of dog, cat, cow, horse, etc.

2.Do some animals understand your language? Which ones?
Ans. Yes, some pet animals like dog, cow, ox, parrot, etc. understand our language.

Say It With Sounds
1.Just like birds and dolphins you can also make your own language of sounds for giving messages. Remember you have to talk to your friends with only sounds and no words. How and when will you need to give an alarm call? For example, when the teacher is coming to the classroom!
Ans. You and your friends can produce some sounds like, YAHOO or HOHO, to sound an alarm. This can be used to alert others when the teacher is coming to the classroom

Sleeping-waking
1.Have you noticed that during the cold season you cannot see any lizard in the house? Where do you think they have gone?
Ans. Yes, I have noticed that lizards cannot be seen during the cold season. I think they must be hiding somewhere to escape from the cold.

How will you show the clock for a house-lizard in winters?
Ans.The grey colour shows sleeping time for lizard in winters.

3.Given here is the sleeping time of some animals. Below each picture write for how many hours a day that animal sleeps.

Ans. Cow: 4 hours
Python: 18 hours Giraffe: 2 hours Cat: 12 hours

4.When you see different animals, do you have any questions about them? Make a list of ten such questions.
Ans. Yes, when I see different animals, many questions come to my mind. Some of them are as follows;
1. Can they talk with each other?
2. Can they understand our language?
3. Can they see colours?
4. How do they see during night?
5. How do they sense danger?
6. How do they know if something is food for them?
7. How do they feel when a member of their family gets injured?
8. Why only some of them can be made pet animals?
9. How do they save themselves during bad weather?
10. How do they make friends?

5.The tiger is one of the most alert animals. And yet, today tigers are in danger. What do you think are some of the dangers to tigers in the jungle?
Ans. Hunters and poachers are the biggest threats for tiger. They kill tigers for skin. Lion is more powerful than tiger and can be a danger for tiger. Large scale destruction of forests is another major danger for tiger.

6.Can human beings also be a threat to animals? How?
Ans. Yes, human beings can also be a threat to animals. Human beings kill animals for hide and other body parts. For example; elephants are killed for their tusks, rhinos are killed for their horns. Snakes and crocodiles are also killed for their skin. Increase in human population has led to destruction of forests. This has reduced the natural habitat of animals.

Find Out
1. Where are other such National Parks in India?
Ans. Some of the National Parks in India are as follows:
(a) Kanha National Park (Madhya Pradesh)
(b) Kaziranga National Park (Assam)
(c) Gir National Park (Gujarat)
(d) Ranthambhore National Park (Rajasthan)
(e) Nagarhole National Park (Mysore) ,
(f) Palamu National Park (Jharkhand).

2.Collect information on these and write a report.
Ans. National Parks have been made to protect anhnals and plants. Protecting animals and plants is necessary to protect our environment. Some animals get Special status in these parks. For example; Kaziranga National Park gives special protection to Rhinos which are very rare species in the world. Similarly, Gir National Park gives special protection to Lions.

What We Have Learnt .
1.Have you noticed that sometimes singers put their hand on their ear when they sing? Why do you think they may be doing this?
Ans. Yes, I have noticed singers putting their hand on their ear while singing. They do this to minimize noise. They also do this to hear their own voice more clearly.

2.Give examples of animals that may have a very strong sense of sight, hearing or smell.
Ans. Some examples are as follows:
(a) A police dog can smell explosives; which cannot be detected by human beings.
(b) An eagle can see its small prey from high in the sky.
(c) A dog can hear the faintest sound of someone’s footsteps.
(d) A mosquito can find a human being by smelling his body odour.
(e) Some animals behave in strange manner in case of a natural calamity which is about to happen.

Chapter 1 workbook solutions (power books Publication)

multiple choice questions
- Which of the following animals does not warn others animals of danger?

(C) Bats

Which animal can see things only in black and white?

(C) Bats

Which animals are not seen in winters?

(C) lizards

Where is Jim Corbett National Park?

(d) Uttarakhand

Bees do dance to communicate with each other.

(d) Tickle

2 fill in the blanks

(i) As the ants, move they leave their smell on the ground.

(ii) mosquitoes can find you by the smell of your body

(iii) some Birds like kites, Eagles and Vultures can see four times as far as we can.

(iv) langurs looks like a bear and sleeps for about 17 hours a day.

(V) people who kill animals are called hunters and poachers.

write true or false
- Sloth live for about 40 years - true
- Animal that are awake at night can see think only in black and white- true
- A Tiger Roar can be heard up to 9 km away.- false
- Birds can move their eyes.- false
- Their is a link between size of animal ears and their hearing.-true
match the pictures of the animals on the right description on the left.

(i)-b (ii)-e (iii)-d (iv)-c (v)-a

5 Write your observation about esch animals separately

(H w)

6 give reason for the following behaviour of animals(answers)
Dogs mark out their own area on the road by the smell of their urine and potty.
Sea Animals can understand some danger like tsunami before it comes.
Sleeping dogs can hear the sound and vibration on the ground.It’s sense of hearing is so sharp. So if we past a sleeping dog it’s ears shot up at once.
Because of the high eye power of the eagle.it can see things from a distance of eight metres.

7 Think and write

(TB pg 7)
(TB pg 12)

Activity (Home work).

Chapter 2 A Snake Charmer’s

QUESTIONS FROM TEXTBOOK SOLVED

Think and Tell
1.Have you ever seen anyone playing a been? Where?
Ans.Yes, I have seen snake-charmers playing a been. I have seen them in a fair.

2.Have you ever seen a snake? Where?
Ans. Yes, I have seen a snake. I have seen it with the snake-charmer and also in a paddy field.

3.Were you scared by it? Why?
Ans. Yes, I was scared by it. I have heard that snakes are poisonous.

4.Do you think all snakes are poisonous?
Ans.No, I do not think so.

Have you ever seen animals being used for entertainment of people? (For example, in a circus, on the road, or in a park.)
(a)When and where did you see this?
Ans. I saw animals being used for entertainment of people, in a circus.

Workbook works

Chapter 2 a snake charmer’s story

Multiple choice questions
- The Saperas carried snakes in

(b) bamboo baskets

(i) what is the other name the Duboiya snake

(c) Russell's viper

(iii) The Government has allowed snake charmers to keep snakes

For the sake of

(d) tourism

(iv) which of the following instruments are used in a Bean party

(d) All of these

(V)Khanjiri is made from dried

Gourd

(vi)Kalbelia is a kind of

Dance form

Fill in the blanks

All snakes are not
The medicine made from the snake’s
When snakes bite, the poison enters the person’s body
From the marks of the bite saperas could find out which snake has bitten the person.

Snake bites can even cause death of the spot.

(v( Poisonous teeth of the snakes are known as fangs.

3 write true or false

snake has four teeth(fangs)- false
People kill snakes and sell their skin to earn their livelihood.- true
People used to gift snakes to their daughter when they get married. – true
All snakes are poisonous-false
The medicine for Snakes bite is made from snake’s - true

name of some snakes are given in jump form
- Krait (ii) Afai (iii) cobra (iv) Dobodiya
like snake charmers,which other people depend on animals for their livelihood.
- For Egg – Hen, Duck
- For milk-Goat, cow, Buffalo
- For Tonga-Horse
- For meat-Goat, Buffalo, chicken, Rabbit,Duck, Fish
- For Bullock cart-Bullock
Answer the following question
- How many hollow teeth does a snake have? How does the poison reach in human body?
  - A snake has two hollow teeths. When it bites the poison enters the person’s body through the teeth.

what are the Saperas called?tb page no 16
What is kalbeliya dance?
- Kalbelia is a dance form which have movements similar to the ddance of snakes

Stomach-For moving

Poison teeth-Inject the poison

Eyes-For seeing

Tongue-To collecting chemical from air or ground.

(V) snakes has no ear how can they herar?

(A) Snakes have no external ears. They can only feel the vibration on the ground.

7 Observe the given picture and answer the following questions

Which musical instrument is shown in the picture?
- Been
Musical instrument is made up of which material?

(A)Dried gourd

(iii) name the people who play such instruments.

Been Saperas
What else do they carry to help people?
- Many types of medicine

Chapter 3 – From Tasting to Digesting

Page No 23:

Question Discuss and Write:

1Johana’s mouth started watering when she heard the word imli. When does your mouth water? List

five things you like to eat and describe their taste.
(Ans)) My mouth waters on seeing, smelling, hearing or even thinking of the food items I like to eat.

Five things that I like to eat and their respective tastes are:

Sl. No.	Food	Taste
1.	Pickle	Sour
2.	Ice cream	Sweet

Do you like only one kind of taste or different ones? Why?

(Ans) We like different kinds of tastes.This is because if we keep eating food with similar taste, we will get bored of that taste very soon. Moreover, to stay healthy we need a diet with proper quantity of all kinds of food that have different tastes.

Jhoolan put a few drops of lemon juice in Jhumpa’s mouth. Do you think we can make out the taste with just a few drops?

(Ans) Yes, I think we can make out the taste of lemon juice with just a few drops of it. This is because lemon juice is very sour and our tongue has tiny bump-like structures that can recognise the taste of even a few drops of lemon juice.

If someone were to put a few seeds of saunf(aniseed) on your tongue, would you be able to tell with your eyes closed? How?

(Ans) We will not be able to judge that it is saunf (aniseed) until we start chewing it. Once we start chewing it, it starts getting mixed with the saliva present in the mouth. We are then able to recognise its sweet taste.

How did Jhumpa make out the fried fish? Can you guess the names of certain things only by their

(Ans) Jhumpa might have made out the fried fish by its smell.There are several other things we can make out using their smell. Few of them are

(i) Halwa

(ii) Coffee

(iii) Jackfruit

(iv) Orange

Has anyone ever told you to hold your nose before taking a medicine? Why do you think they tell you to do this?

(Ans) Nose is a sense organ of smell. Holding the nose while taking medicines enables us to take in the medicine without sensing its bad smell. The two senses, smell and taste are closely related. Hence, on blocking the nose we are able to neither smell nor taste the medicine properly.

Portion of mouth under the tongue, on the lips, and hard parts such as the roof of the mouth and teeth do not sense any kind of taste as they do not have any taste bud.

Page No 25:

Question Tell:

If someone asks you to describe the taste of amla or cucumber, you might find it difficult to explain. How would you describe the taste of these – tomato,onion, saunf, garlic. Think of words that you know or make up your own words to describe the taste.

Food Item	Taste
Tomato	Sweet and tangy
Onion	Tangy and hot
Saunf	Sweet
Garlic	Sharp or hot

Food Item
Tomato	Sweet and tangy
Onion	Tangy and hot
Saunf	Sweet
Garlic	Sharp or hot

Page No 26:

Question Discuss:

Has anyone at home told you to eat slowly and to chew well so that the food digests properly? Why do you think they say this?
Imagine you are eating something hard like a green guava. What kinds of changes take place in it – from the time you bite a piece and put it in your mouth to when you swallow it? Think what does the saliva in our mouth do?

Answer:

Yes, parents usually advice their kids to eat slowly and to chew well so that the food digests properly.

The process of chewing breaks down larger food particles into smaller ones. This has two advantages:

(i) Moistening of food that enables its easy swallowing

(ii) The process of chewing initiates the process of digestion in the mouth

As we bite a substance such as the green guava, we take in a small piece of that substance in our mouth. Inside the mouth it starts mixing with the saliva. Now, as we start chewing it, it gets more and more mixed up with the saliva. In this manner, the process of digestion begins in the mouth. This saliva mixed with the food substance is also easy to swallow.

Page No 27:

Question Discuss:

How do you feel when you are very hungry? How would you describe it?For example, sometimes we jokingly say, “I am so hungry I could eat an elephant!”
How do you come to know that you are hungry?
Think what would happen if you do not eat anything for two days?
Would you be able to manage without drinking water for two days? Where do you think the water that we drink goes?

Answers

When we are hungry we feel empty in our stomach. The walls of our stomach give us a feeling as if they get collapsed. Our stomach and intestine start making noises as if they are demanding food.

When I am hungry my stomach starts making noises. Other signs of hunger that I get are:

(i) Desire to eat food

(ii) Anger and irritation

(iii) Feeling tired and drained out of energy

If we do not eat anything for two days, we will start feeling tired, drained out, angry and irritated. We would not be able to concentrate on any physical or mental activity. We may also fall ill.
It would be very difficult for me to stay without water for two days.The water we drink goes to food pipe and then to the stomach, in the same way as food moves in our body. Excess of water is expelled out of the body.

Work Book works

Chapter 3 From Tasting to Digesting

1 Multiple choice question

It’s churns the food

The glucose drip I will give you some strength quickly, given without eating.
The opening in the rectum is called
- Anus
Sphincter is a
- Muscle

2 fill in the blanks

we should eat slowly and chew well so that food digest properly.
One is given a salt and Sugarsolution when one has loose motion and vomiting
The food that is needed for proper growth and development of a child is called adequate and balanced diet.
A glucose drip is given to a patient for instant energy.
Dr Beaumont found that food is digested in the stomach by an acidic juice
The four tastes are sur, salt, sweet,and

3 Name them

Sweet food items- Jalebi laddu Penda chocolate
Salty food items- pickle,wafer, dry fish, cooked food
Bitter food items- bitter gourd,Cabage, coco,coffee
Sourb food items- lemon juice, grapes juice,pickle buttermilk

(4) find out Hw

5 look at the picture and label the various part of the digestive system

1 mouth 2 food pipe 3 small intestine

4 stomach 5Anus (find out)Hw

given below is a picture of a human tongue give the correct tense of test in each area marked on it.

A-)Bitter B )sour C )salty D) sweet

Chapter 4

Mangoes Round The Year

QUESTIONS FROM TEXTBOOK SOLVED

Discuss
1.How did Aman know that the potato sabzi had got spoilt?
Ans. The bad smell from the potato sabzi gave the clue.

2.Have you ever seen some food that has got spoilt? How did you know that it was spoilt?
Ans. Yes, I have seen foods that have gone spoilt. The spoilt food smells bad and shows unusual colours.

3.Preeti told Nitu not to eat the potato sabzi. What would have happened if she had eaten it?
Ans. She may have fallen ill if she had eaten it.

Write
1.Look in your kitchen and write down names of food items that:
(a) Can get spoilt in 2-3 days.
Ans. Milk, bread, dal, boiled rice. .
(b) Can be kept for a week.
Ans. Potato, tomato, onion, cake.
(c) Would not spoil till one month.
Ans. Flou*, raw rice, pickles, ghee.

Look at your friend’s list and discuss in the class.
Ans. My friend’s list also contains similar items. Most of the cooked foods get spoilt in 2-3 days. Most of the raw vegetables get spoilt in a week. Most of the dry grains can last a month and more than a mouth.

3.Will your list be the same in all seasons? What would change?
Ans. No, the list will change in different seasons. Food easily gets spoilt in summer
than in winter. In rainy season, the excess moisture in the air hastens the %
process of spoiling of food.

4.When food gets spoilt in your house, what do you do with it?
Ans. We throw the spoilt food in the garbage bin.

Biji Returned the Bread
1.Look at the picture of the bread packet here and guess why Biji
returned it? How did she find that the bread had got spoilt?
Ans. Biji may have found that the expiry date of the bread had lapsed.
She may have observed black-velvety spots on the bread.

Find Out
Look carefully at two-three packets of food items:

1.What can we know from what is written on the packet?
Ans. The food packet can give following information:
Price, weight, date of manufacturing, date of expiry and ingredients.

2.When you buy anything from the market, what do you look for on the packet?
Ans.I check for the dates of manufacturing and expiry. I also check for price and weight.

How Does Food Get Spoilt?:
1.The whole class can do this experiment together. Take a piece of bread or roti. Sprinkle a few drops of water on it, and put it in a box. Close the box. See the bread or roti everyday until you find some changes on it. .
Make this table on a chart paper and put it up in the classroom. Fill up the chart every day after discussing the changes seen.
Ans.

2.Find out the reason for these changes? From where did the fungus come on the bread?
Ans. These changes occurred because of rotting of bread. The spores of fungus are present in the air. When they get a moist surface and food, they begin to grow.

3.Different kinds of food items spoil due to different reasons. Some foods spoil soon, some stay good for long. List some seasons and conditions in which food spoils quickly.
Ans. The food spoils quickly in summer and rainy seasons.
Conditions in which the food spoils quickly:
– If cooked food is kept in open.
– If milk is not boiled properly.
– If green vegetables are kept in hot and humid places.
– If pickles are not protected against moisture.

4.Given below are some food items and some simple methods by which these could be kept fresh for 1-2 days. Match the correct pairs:

Ans.

Write
1.Why was sugar and jaggery mixed into the mango pulp and dried in the sun?
Ans. To make mamidi tandra (aam papad).

2.Why did Appa first choose the most ripe mangoes to be used for making the mamidi tandra?
Ans. Ripe mango contains more juice and less fibres. Hence, Appa first chose the most ripe mangoes to be used for making the mamidi tandra.

3.How did the brothers make the mamidi tandra? Write down step-by-step what they did for this.
Ans. The brothers bought following things from the market:
1. Mat made from palm leaves, casuarinas poles, string made of coconut husk, jaggery and sugar.
2. They made a platform from casuarinas poles and mat.
3. Mango juice was taken out and filtered through a fine cloth to remove fibres.
4. A thin layer of juice was spread on the mat and left to dry
5. In the evening the layer was covered with a sari to prevent dust from getting on it.
6. Every day, layer upon layer was added.
7. After about four weeks a thick golden cake of mamidi tandra could be made.

4.What things are made in your house from ripe and unripe mangoes?
Ans. In my house, pickles and chutneys are made from unripe mangoes. Aam papad is made from ripe mangoes. Mango shake is also made from ripe mangoes.

5.Make a list of all the different types of pickles that you know about.
Ans. Pickles are made of following items:
Mango, amla, chilli, lemon, Jacfruit, carrot, radish, potato, etc.

Find Out and Discuss
1.Is there any kind of pickle made in your house? What kind of pickle is it? Who makes it? From whom did they learn to make the pickle?
Ans. There are many kinds of pickle made in my house. They are made from mango, chilli, lemon and jackfruit. My mother makes these pickles. She learnt it from my grandmother.

2.What all things are needed to make any one type of pickle in your house? How is the pickle made? Find out the recipe and write.
Ans. Let us take example of mango pickle. Following things are needed to make salty mango pickle:
Raw mangoes, turmeric powder, red chilli powder, coriander powder, mustard seeds, aniseed, methi, kalaunji, salt, oil, etc.
Process: Raw mango is cut into small pieces and washed. It is sundried for a day to remove some moisture. All the spices are mixed with raw mangoes. Then the mixture is put in glass or porcelain jar. Oil is poured so that the pickle mixture gets submerged in oil. This is left in sunshine for about a week.

3.How are these things made in your house?
(i) Papad (it) Chutney (iii) Badiyan
Ans. Papad is made from different kinds of lentils and also from potatoes. For example; urad papad is made by grinding the urad dal and mixing it with salt and other spices. A dough is then made. Thin papad is rolled out from the dough. This is left in the sun for drying.
Chutney is made from many things, but chutney of dhania and mirchi is very popular. Lots of coriander leaves and some green chilli are ground in a fine paste. Salt is added as per taste. This chutney is normally eaten fresh. It can also be preserved for some days by adding oil in it.
Badiyan are made from urad. Urad grains Eire soaked overnight in water and then ground into a coarse paste. Salt and spices are added as per taste. The small lumps are made on a cloth and left to dry in the sun.

4.It is a two-day journey by train from Pune to Kolkata. If you were to go on this trip, what food items would you carry with you? How would you pack them? Make a list on the blackboard of all the packed food. What food would you eat first?
Ans. I will carry those items which do not get spoiled easily. I will pack them in dry containers and packets.
I will carry biscuits, chips, dry fruits, dry sweets, sattu (gram powder), curd, chiwda (rice flakes), murmure (puffed rice), puri, dry sabji, etc.
I will first try to finish puri and sabji because they can get spoiled in a few days.

What We Have Learnt
1.Glass jars and bottles are dried well in the sun before filling them with pickles. Why is this done? Do you remember what happened to the bread in the experiment?
Ans. Glass jars and bottles are dried well in the sun to remove any moisture. In the experiment with bread, the bread got spoiled because of moisture and fungus grew on it.

2.To eat mangoes round the year we make different items like pickles, aam papad, chutney, chikky, etc. List some other food with which we make different things, so that we can enjoy it throughout the year.
Ans. Following are examples of food which can be enjoyed throughout the year:
(a) Pickles are made from many things.
(b) Many vegetables; like cauliflower; are sun dried for later use.
(c) Potato chips and banana chips are made so that they can last longer.
(d) Murabba is prepared from white gourd and amla.
(e) Peda is made from milk.

Chapter 4 mangoes round the year

Workbook work

1 multiple choice questions

Which of the following can be kept fresh by wrapping in wwwwssssssa damn clothes
How many weeks does it take to prepare mamidi tandra.

4
- In which season does the food get spoilt easily

(C), smmer, (b) Rainy

(iv) what appears on boys bread when it is kept for few days?

Fungus
- Which of the following can be kept fresh by putting them in a bowl which kept in a container with some water?
  - Milk

2 Fill in the blanks

Aman’s Biji went to the market to buy bread.
Different kinds of food items spoil due to different reasons.
Chitti Babu and Chinna Babu live in Atreyapuram twon in Andhra Pradesh.
At home their mother cooks unripe mangoes in different
Pulp can be strained using fine muslin cloth to remove the fibres.

3 write true or false

The ship was very crowded-False
Some foods spoil soon- true
Both of the sisters quickly agreed to help-False
Milk can be kept fresh by boiling it.-true
Onion can be kept fresh by keeping it in a dry open place.-true

4 food gets spoilt due to many reasons circle the reasons you think are correct.

A ) Moisture B) Temperature

C) microorganisms D) Air

5 ) how are these things made in your house

Do as s home work.

Papad (ii) chutney (iii) Badiyan
Activity

Make list of food items

That are spoilt in 2-3 hours

Half eating food

What are spoilt in 2-3 days

Milk, bread,boiled, rice, puri chapati etc...

That are spoilt in 24 hours

Cook dal,sabji, milk, etc...

Chapter 5 seeds and seeds

Textbook solutions

Discuss

Q1. What things are soaked before cooking in your house? Why?

Answer: Here are few items which we soak before cooking- soya bean, pulses, chana, rajma etc. These are soaked because it softens and makes it easier for grinding.

Q2. What things do you eat after sprouting? How are they sprouted? How much time does it take?

Answer: After sprouting we can eat items like chana, moong etc. We can sprout them by soaking it in water and then by wrapping it in wet cloth so that they get proper water and air. Chana takes around 36-48 hours in sprouting and moong takes around 24-36 hours.

Q3. Has the doctor or someone you know ever told you to eat sprouts? Why?

Answer: Yes, doctor has advised me to eat sprouts as it is good for health.

Do this and find out

Q1. Do you remember that in Class IV you did an activity with seeds? Now try another one.

Take some chana and three bowls.
Put five chana in the first bowl and fill it up with water.
Put a damp piece of cloth or some cotton wool in the second bowl. Now keep the same number of chanas in it. Make sure that the cotton wool or cloth remains wet.
Put the same number of chanas in the third bowl. Do not put anything else in it. Cover all the three bowls.

	Bowl 1	Bowl 2	Bowl 3
Are the seeds getting air?	No	Yes	Yes
Are the seeds getting water?	Yes	Yes	No
What changes did you see?	Chanas have swelled	Chanas have sprouted	No change
Have the seeds sprouted?	No	Yes	No

Swipe left

Tell and write

Q1. In which bowl did the seeds sprout? What difference did you see between this bowl and the other bowls?

Answer: Seeds sprouted only in bowl 2. We noticed that in bowl 2 it seeds got sufficient air and water so it sprouted. In the other two bowls, bowl 1 got only water and bowl 3 got no air nor water so it did not sprout.

Q2. Why did Gopal’s mother tie the chana in a damp cloth?

Answer: Gopal’s mother tied the chana in a damp cloth so that seeds could get proper air and water to sprout.

Write

Q1. Name of the seed: ____________

The date on which you planted them: ___________

The day you observe something coming out of the soil, start filling the table:

Date	Height of plant (in cm)	Number of leaves seen	Any other change

Swipe left

Answer:

Name of the seed: Mustard (sarson)

The date on which you planted them: 2^nd December, 2019

The day you observe something coming out of the soil, start filling the table:

Date	Height of plant (in cm)	Number of leaves seen	Any other change
10^th december	1cm	2	Nil
11^th december	1.5cm	3	Nil
12^th december	2.5cm	4	Stem has become thicker
14^th december	4cm	6	Stem has become even more thicker

Swipe left

Find out

Q1. How long did it take for the plant to come out from the soil?

Answer: The Plant took almost a week to come out of the soil.

Q2. What was the difference in the height of the plant on the first and second day?

Answer: The height of the plant on the first day to the second day has increased by half a centimetre.

Q3. On which day did the height of the plant increase the most?

Answer: The height of the plant increased the most on the third day.

Q4. Did new leaves come out of the plant every day?

Answer: Yes, new leaves came out of the plant every day.

Q5. Was there any change in the stem of the plant?

Answer: Yes, the stem became thicker and stronger each day passed by.

Discuss

Q1. Which seeds took the most number of days for the stem to come out of the soil?

Answer: Seeds of sesame took the most number of days for the stem to come out of the soil.

Q2. Which seeds took the least days to come out of the soil?

Answer: Seeds of mustard took the least days to come out of the soil.

Q3. Which seeds did not grow at all? Why?

Answer: Seeds require both water and air. If both are not present then no seed will develop.

Q4. Did anyone’s plant dry up or turn yellow? Why did this happen?

Answer: Yes, few students’ plant dried up or turned yellow since there was no proper water or air.

Q5. What would happen if the plants do not get water?

Answer: If the plants did not get water then it will get dried up.

Straight from your heart

Q1. What is inside the seed?

Answer: Inside the seeds there exists a cotyledons and embryo.

Q2. How does a big plant grow from a tiny seed?

Answer: The seeds by absorbing water and nutrients from the soil, grows to be a big plant.

Think and imagine

Q1. What would happen if plants could walk? Draw a picture.

Answer: If plants could walk then the plant would produce nothing like for eating, shelter and a major thing oxygen.

Find out

Q1. Do some plants grow without seeds?

Answer: Yes, there are few plants which grow without seeds.

So many seeds

Q1. How many types of seeds can you collect? Where will you find them? Each of you should try to collect as many different types of seeds as you can. After that, put all the seed collections together. Now observe these seeds carefully – their shapes, sizes, colors, textures (smooth or rough). Make a seed chart to put up in the class. You can start with a table like this.

Name of the seed	Color	Shape (draw)	Texture
Rajma	Reddish brown		Smooth

Swipe left

Answer:

Name of the seed	Color	Shape (draw)	Texture
Rajma	Reddish brown		Smooth
Papaya	Black		Rough
Apple	Brown		Soft
Musk melon	white		Soft
Mango	Whitish yellow		Rough
Lady’s finger	Green		Soft
Chana	Brown		Soft
Moong	Green		Soft
Mustard	Green black or yellow		Soft
Aniseed	Green		Soft
Cumin	Brown		Soft

Swipe left

Think

Q1. Did you keep aniseed (saunf ) and cumin (jeera) in your list?

Answer: Yes, I have taken aniseed and cumin seed in the list.

Q2. Which was the smallest seed and which was the biggest seed in your collection?

Answer: The biggest seed which I took was mango seed and the smallest seed among those were the cumin seeds.

Make list of

Q1. Seeds that are used as spices in your home.

Answer: Seeds that are used as spices at home are mustard, cumin, aniseed etc.

Q2. Seeds of vegetables.

Answer: Seeds of vegetables are tomato, lady’s finger, brinjal etc.

Q3. Seeds of fruits.

Answer: Seeds of fruits are orange, apple, grapes etc.

Q4. Light seeds (check by blowing them).

Answer: Light seeds are cumin, aniseed etc.

Q5. Seeds which are flat.

Answer: Seeds which are flat are cumin, aniseed, sesame, rajma etc.

Q6. Make more groups. How many groups of seeds did you make?

Answer: More groups of seeds are edible seeds, small seeds, big seeds, seeds used as spices, heavy seeds, light weight seeds, seeds which produce oil. I could make 7 groups.

Q7. Do you know any games that you can play with seeds? Discuss with your friends.

Answer: Yes, using seeds we play games. Tamarind seed cut into halves, children play games, using mango seed children make flute etc.

Q8. Have you ever seen any seed that can fly?

Answer: Yes, I have seen seeds which fly.

Q9. What is it called in your area?

Answer: It is called as budhiya ke baal (old woman’s hair).

Q10. Look at your seed collection. Guess how many of those could have travelled by flying

Answer: Some of them could have travelled by flying like aniseed and cumin seed.

Q11. Look at the pictures given below and guess how the seeds travel and reach different places

Answer: In the first picture we can see that squirrel is carrying the seed, in the second picture we can see that parrot carrying the seed which indicate that the seeds are travelling by means of animals. In the third picture we can see that the seed is floating on the water. Which indicate that the seed is carried away by the water.

Q12. Some plants spread their seeds over long distances. When the soya bean pods are ripe, they burst and the seeds are thrown out. Have you ever heard their sound?

Answer: No, I have not anything as such.

Q13. Think what would happen, if seeds did not spread and remained at one place only.

Answer: If seeds did not spread and remained at one place only then they would fall under its parent tree itself so that it would not get enough sunlight, water and hence the plant will not grow properly and they might die.

Q14. Make a list of the different ways by which seeds are spread.

Answer: Seeds spread by water, wind, animals, birds, humans etc.

Q15. What all was grown in India long ago? Were mangoes and bananas grown here? What came from other countries? Imagine food without potatoes or tomatoes!

Answer: Long ago in India, spinach, radish, mango, orange etc. were grown. Yes, mangoes and bananas are grown here. From other countries we got items like tomato, potato, coffee bean, cabbage etc. It would be difficult to cook food without potatoes and tomatoes and it would be tasteless.

What we have learnt

Q1. Reena has drawn this picture of the seed sprouted by her. What do you think the seeds need for sprouting? Write in your own words. How would Reena’s seeds look if they did not get the things needed. Show by drawing a picture.

Answer: Every seed needs water and air for sprouting. If there is no water for the seed, the seed remains the same. And if there is water but no air then the seed doesn’t sprout and would not grow but it would just swell up.

Q2. How do seeds spread to far off places? Write in your own words.

Answer: There are means for the seeds to travel. The seeds would go to farther places while carried by the birds, water, animals, air. Birds, after eating they throw, lighter seeds get carried away by air and hence spread out.

write

Q1. In which bowl did the seeds sprout? What difference did you see between this bowl and the other bowls?

Q2. Why did Gopal’s mother tie the chana in a damp cloth?

Answer: Gopal’s mother tied the chana in a damp cloth so that seeds could get proper air and water to sprout.

Write

Q1. Name of the seed: ____________

The date on which you planted them: ___________

The day you observe something coming out of the soil, start filling the table:

Find out

Q1. How long did it take for the plant to come out from the soil?

Answer: The Plant took almost a week to come out of the soil.

Q2. What was the difference in the height of the plant on the first and second day?

Answer: The height of the plant on the first day to the second day has increased by half a centimetre.

Q3. On which day did the height of the plant increase the most?

Answer: The height of the plant increased the most on the third day.

Q4. Did new leaves come out of the plant every day?

Answer: Yes, new leaves came out of the plant every day.

Q5. Was there any change in the stem of the plant?

Answer: Yes, the stem became thicker and stronger each day passed by.

Discuss

Q1. Which seeds took the most number of days for the stem to come out of the soil?

Answer: Seeds of sesame took the most number of days for the stem to come out of the soil.

Q2. Which seeds took the least days to come out of the soil?

Answer: Seeds of mustard took the least days to come out of the soil.

Q3. Which seeds did not grow at all? Why?

Answer: Seeds require both water and air. If both are not present then no seed will develop.

Q4. Did anyone’s plant dry up or turn yellow? Why did this happen?

Answer: Yes, few students’ plant dried up or turned yellow since there was no proper water or air.

Q5. What would happen if the plants do not get water?

Answer: If the plants did not get water then it will get dried up.

Straight from your heart

Q1. What is inside the seed?

Answer: Inside the seeds there exists a cotyledons and embryo.

Q2. How does a big plant grow from a tiny seed?

Answer: The seeds by absorbing water and nutrients from the soil, grows to be a big plant.

Think and imagine

Q1. What would happen if plants could walk? Draw a picture.

Answer: If plants could walk then the plant would produce nothing like for eating, shelter and a major thing oxygen.

Find out

Q1. Do some plants grow without seeds?

Answer: Yes, there are few plants which grow without seeds.

So many seeds

Name of the seed	Color	Shape (draw)	Texture
Rajma	Reddish brown		Smooth

Swipe left

Answer:

Name of the seed	Color	Shape (draw)	Texture
Rajma	Reddish brown		Smooth
Papaya	Black		Rough
Apple	Brown		Soft
Musk melon	white		Soft
Mango	Whitish yellow		Rough
Lady’s finger	Green		Soft
Chana	Brown		Soft
Moong	Green		Soft
Mustard	Green black or yellow		Soft
Aniseed	Green		Soft
Cumin	Brown		Soft

Swipe left

Think

Q1. Did you keep aniseed (saunf ) and cumin (jeera) in your list?

Answer: Yes, I have taken aniseed and cumin seed in the list.

Q2. Which was the smallest seed and which was the biggest seed in your collection?

Answer: The biggest seed which I took was mango seed and the smallest seed among those were the cumin seeds.

Make list of

Q1. Seeds that are used as spices in your home.

Answer: Seeds that are used as spices at home are mustard, cumin, aniseed etc.

Q2. Seeds of vegetables.

Answer: Seeds of vegetables are tomato, lady’s finger, brinjal etc.

Q3. Seeds of fruits.

Answer: Seeds of fruits are orange, apple, grapes etc.

Q4. Light seeds (check by blowing them).

Answer: Light seeds are cumin, aniseed etc.

Q5. Seeds which are flat.

Answer: Seeds which are flat are cumin, aniseed, sesame, rajma etc.

Q6. Make more groups. How many groups of seeds did you make?

Answer: More groups of seeds are edible seeds, small seeds, big seeds, seeds used as spices, heavy seeds, light weight seeds, seeds which produce oil. I could make 7 groups.

Q7. Do you know any games that you can play with seeds? Discuss with your friends.

Answer: Yes, using seeds we play games. Tamarind seed cut into halves, children play games, using mango seed children make flute etc.

Q8. Have you ever seen any seed that can fly?

Answer: Yes, I have seen seeds which fly.

Q9. What is it called in your area?

Answer: It is called as budhiya ke baal (old woman’s hair).

Q10. Look at your seed collection. Guess how many of those could have travelled by flying

Answer: Some of them could have travelled by flying like aniseed and cumin seed.

Q11. Look at the pictures given below and guess how the seeds travel and reach different places

Q12. Some plants spread their seeds over long distances. When the soya bean pods are ripe, they burst and the seeds are thrown out. Have you ever heard their sound?

Answer: No, I have not anything as such.

Q13. Think what would happen, if seeds did not spread and remained at one place only.

Q14. Make a list of the different ways by which seeds are spread.

Answer: Seeds spread by water, wind, animals, birds, humans etc.

Q15. What all was grown in India long ago? Were mangoes and bananas grown here? What came from other countries? Imagine food without potatoes or tomatoes!

What we have learnt

Q2. How do seeds spread to far off places? Write in your own words.

Chapter 5

Seeds and seeds

Work Book works

1 Multiple choice questions

Which of the following is not a seed

Lemon
Plants grow from a seed through a process called:
- Germination
Which of the following is not an agent of dispersal
- Plants
Seeds of coconut plant are dispersed by

(b) water

2 Fill in the blanks

Velcro was discovered by George Mastral

Soya bean seeds are scattered by burst of their

Peas came from

Eating sprouted fades is good for health.

Seeds require water,Air and heat to sprout.

3 write true or false

Seeds are of different shapes, sizes,colours and textures.

- True

(ii) most plants grow from seeds.-

-True

(iii) dispersal of seed is essential so that the baby plant gets Enough space, air and lights

-True

(iv) tomatoes and green chillies came from South Africa.

-False

4 match the following

-(c)Through animals
-(b) Through water
(d) Through bursting
(a) Through air

match the following column A and B
- Seeds are heavy - Animals eat fruits and throw away the seeds.
- Seeds have hooks on them – fruits/ seeds get stuck to animal’s skin or clothes of humans.
- Seeds are light – seeds are brown by the wind
- Kids are brightly coloured- animal eat the fruit and throw away the seeds
- Seeds are tasty – animals eat the fruits and throw away the seeds
Observe the following picture and answer the questions that follow:
- What is the name of the plant given in the picture?
  - Pitcher plant
- How does the plant trap insects
  - Because of the special smell of this plant small insects attracted and when insects lands on the mouth of the plant it gets trapped and cannot get out.
- What is the scientific name of this plants?
  - Nepenthese

Activity(Hw)

Chapter 6 Every Drop Counts

QUESTIONS FROM TEXTBOOK SOLVED

Think and Find Out
1.Look at the area around your school. Are there any fields, farms, pucca roads, drains, etc. Is the area sloping, rocky or flat? Think, what will happen here when it rains? Where will the rain water go-into the drains, pipes or pits? Is some water also getting soaked into the soil?
Ans. Yes, there are fields, pucca roads and drains near my school. The area is somewhat sloping. When it rains, the rainwater easily goes into the drain and then to the nearby pond.

2.How do you think the rainwater that falls on the roof will reach the underground tank? Draw the path.
Ans. The water from the roofs goes to the pipes.
These pipes carry the water to the underground tank.

3.Have you ever faced a shortage of water in your area? If yes, then what was the reason for it?
Ans. Yes, we do face shortage of water in my area. This usually happens because of erratic supply from the Jal Board.Talk to your grandmother or any elderly person. Find out, when they were of your age.

4.From where did they get water for the house? Has there been a change now?
Ans. They used to get water from nearby rivers, ponds, wells, bavdis or hand pumps. The situation has changed now. We get water through pipelines of the ‘Jal Board’.

5.What kind of water arrangements were made for travellers—for example piau, mashak (leather bag) or any other? Now what do people do about water when they travel?
Ans. Earlier, kings and rich merchants used to build piau for travellers. Drinking water was served for free at these piaus. Mashak was used for carrying water. Nowadays, people carry bottled water when they travel.

Find Out
1.Is there a lake, well or stepwell near your house or school? Visit it and find out more about it.
How old is it? Who got it built?
Ans. Yes, there is a big pond near my house. People say that it is more than hundred years old. The king of the Raj period built it.

2.What kind of buildings Eire around it?
Ans. There are some ruins of the old palace and some new houses around it.

3.Is the water clean? Is it cleaned regularly?
Ans. The water is very dirty. I have never seen the pond being cleaned.

4.Who all use the water?
Ans. Some washer men use the water to wash clothes. Additionally, some cattle herders bring their cattle for a bath.

5.Is there any festival celebrated at this place?
Ans. Yes, an annual boating festival is celebrated in this pond.

6.Is there any water today or is it dry?
Ans. The pond is full of water.

Discuss
There are two old wells in the area where Punita lives. Her grandmother says that about fifteen-twenty years ago there was water in these wells. The wells could have dried up because:
• Water is being pumped up from under the ground, with the help of electric motors.
• The lakes in which rain water used to collect are no longer there.
• The soil around trees and parks is now covered with cement.
1.Is there some other reason for this? Explain. .
Ans. Apart from the reasons given above, there can be some other reasons also. Almost all the trees have been cut. The well is not being maintained.

The Story Today
1.Let us see the different ways in which the people manage water today. See the picture and discuss. Do you get water hat. If you get win your house by any of these ways?
Put a tick (right) on tater by some other way, write in your notebook.
• We get water from the Jal Board. We have connected a motor with the supply line. This helps us in storing water in the rooftop tank.
• The slum area near my house gets water from a Jal Board tanker which comes once in a day.
• In my grandfather’s village there are some hand pumps which draw underground water.
• I have seen some ladies in the village bringing water from the nearby canal.

Discuss
1.Everyone has the right to live. Yet, is everybody getting enough water to live or even water to drink? Why is it that some people have to buy drinking water? Should it be like this? Water on this earth is for one and all. Some people draw out water from the ground by deep borewells. How far is it correct? Have you ever seen this? Why do some people put a pump directly in the Jal Board pipe line? What problems would other people face due to this? Do you have any such experience?
Ans. It is a harsh fact that everybody is not getting enough water to even drink. Drinking water is scarce and hence some people have to buy drinking water. It should not be like this. Drawing water by deep borewells is not a correct practice. I have seen many rich people, installing deep bore wells. Some people also directly put a pump in the Jal Board pipe line. Due to this, other people do not get sufficient water. In most of the houses in my colony, people have put pump directly into the Jal Board pipe line.

Look at this Bill and Tell
1.From which office has this bill come?
Ans. The bill has come from Delhi Jed Board.

2.Do you get a water bill at home? Find out from where it is sent.
Ans. Yes, we get a water bill at home. The bill comes from the Department of Water Supply.

3.Why do you think Dilli Sarkar (Government of Delhi) is written under Delhi Jal Board?
Ans. Delhi Jal Board is a part of the Government of Delhi. That is why Dilli Sarkar (Government of Delhi) is written under Delhi Jal Board.

4.In whose name is the bill? How much money do they have to pay for each month?
Ans. The bill bears the name of Sri Mohd. Umar and Dr. Mohd. Shoaib. The bill amounts to Rs 350 for two months and hence they have to pay Rs 175 for each month.

5.Do you have to pay for water? How much? Is the rate of water different in different colonies? Ask you elders.
Ans. Yes, we have to pay for water. We pay about a thousand rupee for drinking water. The rate of water is same in different colonies.

6.Have you ever read this kind of news in any newspaper? How did people solve their problem of water? Did they repair and reuse any old lake or stepwell?
Ans. Yes, I have read this kind of news in the Times of India. There was news of a village from Maharashtra. People formed a group to make provisions for collecting rainwater in huge ponds. An old pond was cleaned of debris and was made deeper. People also planted trees around the village. This helped them to solve their water problems.

What We Have Learnt
1.Make a poster. Do you remember the slogan “Water on earth is for one and all”. Think of some other such slogans. Draw pictures and make a nice poster.
Ans.

2.Bring a water bill, look at it and tell—
• This bill is from- date to date-.
Ans. The duration of the bill is from 10th December 2011 to 5th February 2012.

3.How much money is to be paid for this bill?
Ans.Rs.350.

4.What else can you see in the bill, like the money spent on repair, maintenance, etc.?
Ans. Yes, Rs.35 have been charged for repar.

NCERT Books

Maths Formulas

Chapter 6 every drop counts

Workbook works

Multiple choice questions

70 per of the earth’s surface is covered with water.
Al-Biruni came from

(c) Uzbekistan

(iii) Bavdi is another name of

(c) stepwell

(iv) Raised platforms made around lakes were also known as

(b) Chabutras

(v) which of the following arrangements was made of travellers?

(c) &(b)

2 Fill in the blanks

Lakes and Johads were bilt to save rainwater
People in earlier times used to make piau, Mashak for travellers.
At some places when our lakes get filled up with rainwater the people gather around the lakes to celebrate
Rainwater is the purest sources of natural water.
Water is a essential of our life and should be used wisely.
- write True or False
In eslier times people use to collect water in buckets------True
The soil around trees should be covered with concrete and cement---False
We sjould put a pump directly in the Jal Board pipeline to overcome shortage of water-----True
The increasing populaton is also contributing to shortage of water.--_--True
Water is pumped up from under the ground with the help of electric motas and bore wells._-------True
- Answer the following questions
- Why bo we need water?
- Wateris essential for all living things.It is our basic need. With out water no one can live in this earth.
- Name the four sources of water.
  - Rain water, River, Johard,Hand pump
- Write the different uses of water.
  - Drinking,Cooking, Bathing,Washing,Cleaning,Gardanig etc.....

Activity

Fill in the letters to complete tje word ladder with the names of source of water.

River
Rain
Ocean
Lake
Tap
Hand pump
_------

Chapter 7 experiment with water

Think what would happen if

Q1. Ayesha put a puffed puri in a bowl of water. Would it sink or float?

Answer: When puffed puri is put in a bowl of water then it would float.

Q2. You put a steel plate on water. Would it sink or float? What would happen to a spoon?

Answer: If you place a steel plate on the water carefully then it would float. When you put the spoon in the water it would sink.

Q3. Would the cap of a plastic bottle sink or float on water?

Answer: The cap of plastic bottle floats when put in the water since it is plastic.

Q4. Have you seen that something float on water while others sink? Think how this happens!

Answer: It is observed that few things float and few sink in the water. If the item put in the water is lighter then it floats. If its heavier then it sinks. It depends upon the volume of the item.

Do this and find out

Do this experiment in groups of four friends. Each group will need a big pot filled with water and the things listed in the table. Put each thing one-by-one in water and observe. Write your observations in the table given below:

Q1. Mark [✓] for the things that float. Mark [✕] for those that sink.

Things to be put in water	I guessed before I did it	I saw when I did it
(a) Empty bowl (katorl) (b) After putting in 6-7 small pebbles, one by one.	X X	X X
Iron nail or pin	X	X
Matchstick	✓	✓
(a) Empty plastic bottle with its lid closed (b) bottle half-filled with water (c) bottle full of water	✓ ✓ X	✓ ✓ X
Aluminium foil (from medicine packing) (a) open and spread out (b) pressed tightly into a ball (c) in a cup-like shape	✓ ✓ X ✓	✓ ✓ X ✓
(a) Soap cake (b) Soap cake on a small plastic plate	X ✓	X ✓
A piece of ice	✓	✓

Swipe left

Q2. Find out from the other groups which things floated and which sank in the water?

Answer: Things which are heavy usually sink like metal chain, hammer, steel key chain etc. Things which are lighter float like plastic ball, foam ball etc.

Q3. After doing the experiment, fill in the blanks.

The iron nail ______ in water but the katori ______. I think this happened because _________________________________
The empty plastic bottle ______ on water. The bottle filled with water ______ because ______________________________
The aluminium foil ______ when it was spread out. When pressed tightly into a ball it __________. This may have happened because ____________________________________

Answer:

The iron nail sank in water but the katori floated. I think this happened because iron nail displaced less amount of water than the katori displaced.
The empty plastic bottle floated on water. The bottle filled with water sank because bottle filled with water displaced less amount of water than the empty bottle displaced.
The aluminium foil floated when it was spread out. When pressed tightly into a ball it sank. This may have happened because when pressed tightly into a ball it would have displaced less amount of weight than the aluminium foil spread out.

Is it magic?

Q1. Take some water in a glass. Put a lemon in it. Now keep putting salt in the water, half-a-spoon at a time. Were you able to float your lemon in water?

Answer: Yes the lemon started to float on water.

Q2. What do you think, the lemon floated in salty water, because……

Answer: When we keep adding salt to the water the lemon starts to float because the water becomes thicker, by reducing the water level and hence the lemon floats.

What dissolved, what did not?

Q1. Suggest some ways to Hamid for quickly dissolving sugar

Answer: For dissolving sugar quickly, Hamid can follow these methods:

Continuously stirring the mixture.
On low flame stirring the mixture.

Do this experiment

Q1. Make groups of four friends. For the experiment you will need 4-5 glasses or bowls, spoons, water, and the things listed in the table. Take some water in each glass. Now try to dissolve one thing in one glass. Observe what happens and note in the table

Things

Did it dissolve or not?

What happened after keeping for 2 minutes?

1. salt

2. Soil

3. Chalk powder

4. 1 spoon milk

5. Oil

Yes

Salt got mixed well with the water.

Soil does not get mixed with water. Instead it settles down at the bottom.

Chalk powder too settles down at the bottom by turning the water into white color.

Milk gets mixed with water by turning the water into white color.

Oil doesn’t get mixed with water instead it floats on water.

Swipe left

Tell

Q1. Could you see the salt after it dissolved in water? If no, why?

Answer: Salt when dissolved in water it cannot be seen since it is soluble in nature.

Q2. Does that mean that now the water does not have salt? If it has, then where is the salt?

Answer: Salt being dissolved in water it doesn’t mean the water does not have salt.

Q3. What difference did you see – in the water with salt, and the water with chalk powder – after keeping for some time?

Answer: Salt when dissolved in water, it makes the water look transparent. While chalk powder doesn’t get dissolved in water instead it settles down at the bottom of water.

Q4. Which of the two would you be able to separate from the water by straining with a cloth – salt or chalk powder?

Answer: We can separate chalk powder by straining with a cloth since it doesn’t get dissolved. Salt gets dissolved in water hence we cannot strain it.

Q5. Do you think the oil got dissolved in the water? Why do you think so?

Answer: No the oil doesn’t get dissolved in water. It just floats on the water.

Racing drops

Ayesha put two drops of oil on the lid of her tiffin box. Next to that she put two drops of water and two drops of sugar solution. She tilted the lid. She saw some drops slid down quickly, while some were left behind.

Q1. You also try to do the same and then tell – which drop went ahead? Why did it slide faster?

Answer: Drops of water slide faster than the oil drops or sugar solution since both oil and sugar solution are thicker than that of water and gets stuck to the box by making it difficult to slide.

Where did the water go?

One day Ayesha’s mother put some water to boil on the stove for making tea. She got busy with something and forgot about it. When she remembered and came to check, she found very little water left in the pan.

Q1. Think where did the water go?

Answer: The water got evaporated hence remained less in the pan.

Q2. Why did Chittibabu and Chinnababu keep their mango jelly in the sun?

Answer: Chittibabu and Chinnababu keept their mango jelly in the sun so that the water in it gets evaporated.

Q3. At your house, what things are made by drying in the sun?

Answer: At my home they prepare papad, pickles, sabudana papad, mango jelly by drying in the sun.

What we have learnt

Q1. You have washed your handkerchief and you want to dry it quickly. What all can you do?

Answer: To dry the washed handkerchief firstly we can squeeze and spread it out properly and leave it to dry in the sun. We can also use ironing to dry the kerchief.

Q2. What things do you put in water to make tea? Which of those things dissolves in water?

Answer: To prepare tea we need to add sugar, tea powder, milk to the water. Milk and sugar gets dissolved in water while the tea powder settles down at the bottom later by using strainer we can obtain tea.

Q3. You have been given some mishri pieces (lumps of sugar). Suggest some ways to dissolve them quickly.

Answer: Lumps of sugar can be dissolved by adding little amount of water and putting it on low flame, lumps of sugar can be crushed into smaller pieces later by adding water to it could be heated over flame and continuous stirring results in dissolving.

Chapter 7 experiments with water

work Book solution

1 Multiple choice questions

Which of the following can be separated from water by straining with cloth?

(ii) In which year did Gandhi Go On The Dandi March?

(b) 1930

(iii) Gandhiji went on Dandi March Yatra from

(b) Ahmedabad to Dandi seashore

(iv) Which of the following sinks in water

(d) All of this

(v) Which of the following gets dissolved in water?

(d) Mishri

2Fill in the blanks

A needle sink in water
Dead Sea is the saltiest sea in the world.
Oil is thick and flows slower than water.
Water flows faster othan oil.
The sea water is collected in Shallow pet dog in the sand.

3 Write true or false

A flat dough will float on oil whereas puffed Puri sink in it.- false
Soap and soap case both cannot float in water.- false
All Oceans and seas have salty water- true
A person can drawn in Dead Sea- true

4 ☑️ objects which will dissolve in water, X objects which will not dissolve in water.

-☑️ (ii) -X
X (iv)-☑️
☑️ (vi) -X

((vii) X (viii) ☑️

(ix)-X (X)-X

(xi) -X (xii) X

5 Answer the following questions

Why do people float in the Dead Sea?
1. Salt concentration of the Dead Sea is around 31.5 % this is unusually high and so it has very hard water. Anyone can easily float in the Dead Sea.
Write five lines about Dead Sea
1. People do not sink in the Dead Sea because of its high density.It has too much salt contents and other dissolved minerals. Its water is denser than sea water and actually denser than our body.
Write the names of some things which can be dissolved in water
1. Salt, sugar, coffee, soap, vinegar
Write the names of some things which cannot be dissolved in water
1. Sand, chalk, mud, dust etc...
Why does oil not mix with water?
1. Liquid water is held Together by hydrogen bonds. Oil and fats not have any polarpart and so for them to dissolve in water they would have to break some of waters hydrogen bonds. Water will not do this. So the oil is forced to stay saparate from the water.
What is a Carbonated drink?
1. The other name of carbonated drink is soft drink it contains carbonated water, a sweetener and a natural or artificial flavoring.

This type of drink harmful for our good health. Eg,Coca Cola,Fanta, Pepsi..

Why a needle sinks and a ship floats on water?
1. A Ship is made up of iron and steel,but it has a lot of space filled with air. This cause the ship to displace water with a weight equal to the weight of the ship. The needle displaces more water than its weight and hence it sinks.

QCHAPTER -8

A TREAT FOR MOSQUITOES

1. Do you know anyone who has had malaria?

Ans. Yes, once one of my friends suffered from malaria.

2. How did they find out that they had malaria.

Ans. It was found out by examining his blood.

3. What problems did they having on malaria?

Ans. At times he used to suffer fever with chills and rigors. He also became weak.

4. What other diseases can be caused by mosquito bites?

Ans. Diseases like dengue, chickengunia, filaria etc. are caused by mosquito bite.

5. In which season is malaria more common? Why do you think this happens?

Ans. Malaria is more common during the rainy season. This is because water logged and damp places provides suitable breeding environment for the mosquitoes.

6. What do you do in your house to protect yourself from mosquitoes? Also find out form your friends about what they do?

Ans. In our well as my friend’s house mosquitoes repellent devices and mosquito nets are used to protect ourselves from mosquitoes. Besides, we remain vigil that there should not be any water logging in our surroundings. We also keep our coolers, pots etc. are clean.

7. Look at the report of the blood test given on text page. Which words in the report helps us to know that the patient has malaria?

Ans. It is clearly mentioned in the report that malarial parasite has been found in blood sample of the patient.

9. How much did Aarti’s heamoglobin go up and how long did it take for that?

Ans. Aarti’s haemoglobin increased by 2.5 gm/dl i.e. around 30% in about three months.

10. What does the newspaper report say about the problems caused by anemia?

Ans. Newspaper report tells that anaemia is affecting both physical as well as mental health of the children suffering from it. Due to anaemia, children do not grow well, and their energy levels are low. This also affects their ability to study properly.

11. Have you or anyone in your family ever needed to get a blood test? When and why?

Ans. Yes. Last year I had got a blood test done. It was because doctors feared that I might suffering from anaemia.

12. What was found out by the blood test?

Ans. It was found that I was suffering from anaemia.

13. Have you had a health check-up in your school? What did the doctor tell you?

Ans. Yes, last month we have had a health check-up in your school. The doctor told me I was healthy.

14. Have you seen any poster like this put up anywhere?

Ans. Yes, such posters are put up near my school.

15. Who do you think puts up such posters, or gives ads in the newspaper?

Ans. The government would have been putting up such posters and giving information in the newspaper.

16. What are the same of the important points given in the poster?

Ans. In the poster it has been warned to remain alert about the mosquitoes because they can spread malaria, dengue and chickengunia. Some precautionary measures are also advised to keep off mosquitoes.

17. Why do you think pictures of a tank, cooler and pots are shown in the poster?

Ans. Because these are the stuff where breeding of mosquitoes can takes place if they are water logged or are not cleaned up regularly.

18. Why do you think it talks about putting fish in the tank. What do you think the fish eats?

Ans. It is told so because fishes eat up mosquitoes larvae that have been developing in the water.

19. What will happen when oil is spread on the water?

Ans. When oil is spread on water, the eggs and larvae of mosquitoes growing there would have been killed.20. Which diseases are spread by flies and how?

Ans. Flies spread dysentery, cholera, typhoid, antrax etc. Flies are easily attracted by filth. They used to sit on dirty and fulthy matters. Again when these sit upon the food, microbes are mixed into the foo from there these can enter human body.

21. Since how many days has the water collected here?

Ans. For almost 8-10 days water has been collected there.

22. Has it caused any problem in the area?

Ans. Yes, it is causing many problems. The entire area is turned into a mess and breeding place of mosquitoes and germs.

23. Who is responsible for keeping these places clean?

Ans. Within the school premises, it is the responsibility of school authority while outside the school, the local municipality is responsible for the same.

24. Who is supposed to get the gutters and drains repaired?

Ans. The local municipality is responsible to get the gutters and drains repaired.

25. Can any larvae be seen in the collected water?

Ans. Yes, the larvae of mosquitoes can easily be seen in the collected water.

CHAPTER : 8^th

A Treat For Mosquitoes

(Work book Works)

Multiple choice Questions(MCQs)
1. Mosquito lay eggs :
2. b) In stagnant water.

Ronald Ross got the Nobel Prize in
b) 1902

From early times which tree bark used to prepare medicine for Malaria?

d) Cinchona

How much blood is needed to test for Anemia ?
c) Full Syringe

The Malaria parasite is known as :
b) Plasmodium

Fill in the blanks :

Malaria spreads only thy the disease carrying mosquitoes.

Female mosquitoes spread Malaria.

Mosquitoes also spread Dengue and Chikanguniya.

Anemia children are also being given iron tablets.

The green growth around the stagnant water is made up of Algue.

Dr. Ronald Ross found that misquotes spread Malaria.

Write True or False.

Blood test is very painful. - False

The cinchona tree was used to make medicine for Malaria. - True

Due to Anemia children do not grow well. - True

Spray oil if water has collected at Some place. - True

Mosquitoes lay eggs in water only. - False

Fish eat the Mosquito larvae water. - True

Look at the pictures and write the diseases by the following animals spread.

Mosquito - Chikanguniya

Malaria

Dengue

Co - Anthrax

Cholera

Typhoid

Tuberculosis

Conjunctivitis

Rats - Hanta virus

Tularemia

Salmonella

Leptospirosis

Answer the following questions.

What is blood test ?

Ans. A blood test is when a sample of blood is taken from the body to be tested in a lab. Doctors order blood tests to check thing such as the levels of Glucose, Hemoglobin or white blood cells etc. Through this doctors can get information about possible problems.

What was Aarti Suffering from ?

Ans. Aarti was suffering from Malaria.

How did they find out that Aarti had Malaria ?

Ans. Because of blood test they found out that Aarti had Malaria.

Do as your sell (HW)

What is Anemia ?

Ans. Anemia is a state, when the hemoglobin or iron content in the blood goes below the required level.

What kind of diet is suggested for a patient of Anemia ?

Ans. Patient of Anemia has to eat Jaggery, Amla and more green leafy vegetables and iron rich food items.

What is given in municipal schools to Anemic Children ?

Ans. The iron tablets are given to Anemic Children by Municipal Schools.

Circle the food items rich in iron.

Cauliflower Curd Potato Jaggery

Banana Amla Curry Leaves

Apple French Beans Milk Spinach

chapter 9 up you go

Textbook questions

Tell

Q1. Have you ever seen the mountains? Have you also climbed a mountain? When and where?

Answer: Yes I have seen the mountains and have climbed up the mountain during our vacation to Kashmir.

Q2. How far have you walked at one time? How far can you walk?

Answer: At one time I have walked for 3 kilometres. I can walk for a distance of 10 kilometre.

Imagine

Q1. What do you think about the paths on the mountains? Draw a picture

Answer: Paths on the mountains usually have curves.

Tell

Q1. What do you think about the responsibilities of a group leader?

Answer: The responsibilities of a group leader may include:

Helping other members of the group.
Lead the group members.
Manage all the needs of the members.

Q2. How would you feel if you were made a leader in such a camp?

Answer: If I were made a leader in such a camp it would make me feel more confident about myself and I would successfully manage my responsibilities.

Q3. What does a monitor in your class have to do?

Answer: Monitor in my class arranges all the required items the teacher needs like chalk, duster, etc. monitor also maintains the discipline in the class room when the teacher is absent, monitor also checks upon any problems among students and convey it to the teacher.

Q4. Would you like to be the class monitor? Why?

Answer: Yes I would like to be the class monitor because it would be challenging to do all the tasks.

Find out and write

Q1. What kinds of tools are needed for climbing mountains?

Answer: The tools required to climb up the mountain are crampons, rope, belay device, harness, ice axe, protection guard, pulley, helmet, gloves, first aid kit, oxygen cylinder, food packets, water bottle, torch etc.

Q2. Have you ever seen a hook and rope being used for anything else? Where?

Answer: Yes I have seen. The hook and rope can be used for drawing water from the well, to pull heavy things up the building, in rescuing people in any accidents.

Q3. What else can we use if we want to cross a river in the mountains?

Answer: To cross a river in the mountains we require thick rope, sling and pitons.

Q4. Why do we need extra energy on the mountains?

Answer: We need extra energy especially on the mountains because we climb against the gravitational force which usually pulls us down and we also need to walk on the rough surface to balance all these we need that extra energy.

Q5. Have you ever heard of anyone who has done something adventurous? What?

Answer: Yes my friend once had gone for scuba diving which was very adventurous.

Q6. Have you ever done anything adventurous? If yes, tell your class. Write about it in your own words

Answer: Yes, I once did paragliding which was a thrilling experience. Being in the clouds was amazing, all the things down seemed so small, overall it was an adventurous experience.

Tell

Q1. Have you ever climbed a tree? How did you feel? Were you scared? Did you ever fall?

Answer: Yes I tried climbing up the tree which made me feel so scared that I would fall down but luckily I did not fall down. I felt really thrilled.

Q2. Have you ever seen someone climb a small wall? What do you think is the difference between climbing a wall and climbing a high rock?

Answer: Yes I have seen small children climbing the small wall. Climbing a small wall does not require rope or any accessories, but to climb a high rock we require rope, sling, pitons etc. and more over we may feel a little scared while climbing the high rock than a small wall.

Tell

Q1. Is there anyone in your class whose language you do not understand, or who does not understand yours? What do you do in such a case?

Answer: Yes there is a friend of mine in the class who does not understand my regional language neither I, understand her regional language. In that case, we convey in the common language which we both know or we will try to understand what the other person is trying to say.

Q2. Have you ever lost your way? What did you do then?

Answer: Yes a few times I lost my way to home, I called up my father and informed him about my whereabouts.

Q3. Why do you think Khondonbi would have sung loudly?

Answer: Khondonbi sung loudly so that it would help the other team to find them easily.

Q4. Have you ever seen someone doing something special to get over their fear? What and when?

Answer: Yes I have seen my cousin closing her eyes and shouting loudly out of fear when she was on a giant swing.

Discuss

Q1. Why do you think a drain was dug around the tent?

Answer: The drain was dug up to keep off insects, snakes, pesticides etc.

Q2. Besides mountaineering, what are other activities that can be called adventurous? Why?

Answer: Besides mountaineering we can say that paragliding, hiking, rock climbing, bungee jumping, canyoneering etc. can be called adventurous.

Imagine and write

Q1. You are on a mountain. How do you feel there? What can you see? What do you feel like doing there?

Answer: When I am on a mountain during winter I feel thrilled. I can see the snow fall, all the green trees covered up by snow looking like white tree, I feel like playing in the snow, sliding down the hill.

Think

Q1. Why did Bachhendri put up the Indian flag on the peak?

Answer: In honour of our country, Bachhendri put up the Indian flag on the peak.

Q2. When have you seen our national flag being hoisted? Collect information of our national flag.

Answer: National Flag is being hoisted during Republic day and Independence Day. And events are conducted at school, educational institutes to represent the national pride.

The National Flag is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffron at the top, white in the middle and dark green at the bottom in equal proportion. The ratio of width of the flag to its length is two to three. In the centre of the white band is a navy-blue wheel which represents the chakra.

Q3. Have you seen the flag of any other country? Where?

Answer: Yes I have seen flags of many other countries on the internet, television, books etc.

What we have learnt

Q1. Explain why it can be adventurous and challenging to climb a mountain. How would you prepare if you were to climb a mountain? What would you take with you? Write in your own words.

Answer: Climbing a mountain involves many challenging activities which makes it difficult to climb the mountain. Keeping in mind all the difficulties we can say that it is adventurous and challenging to climb a mountain. Mentally and physically we have to be strong and be prepared to face the difficulties which come across our path. With a lot of practice and will power we will be able to climb the mountain. I would carry all the mountaineering equipment’s, medicines, food, first aid kit, oxygen cylinder along with me if I were to climb the

mountain.

Chapter 9

(Work book Works)

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) :

People who climb mountains are Called:
a) Mountaineers

Daring rock climbing, the body Should be at a :
d) 90 angle

Who was the first Indian woman to reach the Mount Everest

d) Bachhendri Pal

Fill in the blanks :
After dinner we met a special guest Bachhendri Pal.
We were all very tired, so very soon we fell asleep.

It was difficult because we kept slipping.

Bachhendri Pal became the first Indian woman and the fifth woman in the world to reach Mount Everest.
The height of Mount Everest is 8900.

Write True of False :
Sangeeta was a Teacher from Kendriya Vidhyalaya. - TRUE
A group leader walks ahead of the group. - FALSE

We had to climb 15 km to reach Tekla village - TRUE

Keep your body at an angle of 60 while climbing. - FALSE
My Voice is not echoed in the mountains. - FALSE
We were feeling very hungry. - TRUE

Name these equipments (HW)

Answer the following questions :
Write five lines about Indian languages.

ANS. There are many languages in India. According to the State, places the languages also different. English and Hindi are the most common languages in India. The national language of India is Hindi.

Besides mountaineering, what are other activities that can be called adventurous? Why?

ANS. Snorkeling, Caving, Hot Air Ballooning, Water Fall Rappelling, Scuba diving etc… Because Such activities are very risky and can try out new methods, ideas etc…

Why is medical check up required every morning before trekking ?

ANS. For climbing the mountain and such as adventurous activities we need healthy body and healthy mind. So medical check up required every morning before trekking.

Is language a barrier to friendship?

ANS. No, language is not a barrier to friendship.

Chapter 11 Sunita in space

Text book works

Q1. What do you think the earth looks like? Make a drawing of the earth in your notebook.

Answer: The earth looks like a sphere in shape. Here is the picture of earth:

What do you think

Q1. If the earth is round like a globe, how is it that we do not fall off?

Answer: Due to the gravitational pull from the earth towards itself that is why we won’t fall down.

Q2. Do the people in Argentina stand upside down?

Answer: No they don’t stand upside down. There is no concept like standing upwards or downwards, everything is relative.

Look at the photograph and write

Q1. Can you think why Sunita’s hair was standing?

Answer: Sunita’s hair was standing because she was in space and there is zero gravity which makes everything float.

Q2. Look at Sunita’s photographs and the dates written on each of them. Write what all is happening and when?

Answer:

Date	Event
09-12-2006	The spacecraft is taking off
11-12-2006	Astronauts are floating inside the spacecraft
11-12-2006	Astronauts are having food
13-12-2006	Sunita is in her work mode
16-12-2006	Sunita is roaming outside the spacecraft

Classroom becomes a spaceship

Q1. Close your eyes. Imagine that your class is a spaceship. Zooo…m – in 10 minutes you have entered in space. Your spaceship is now going around the earth. Now say:

– Are you able to sit at one place?

Answer: No I am not able to sit in one place, everyone seems floating inside the spacecraft.

– What about your hair?

Answer: My hair too seems standing up.

– Oh, look … where are your bags and books going?

Answer: My books and bags are floating inside the spacecraft.

– And what is your teacher doing? Where is her chalk?

Answer: My teacher too is floating inside the spacecraft and trying to catch the chalk which is also floating.

– How did you eat your food during the break? How did you drink water? What happened to the ball that you threw up?

Answer: To eat our food we had to grab the food items and have. The water was in the form of blobs we had to suck them in. The ball which we threw up was also floating.

Isn’t it amazing?

Q1. Can you now say why Sunita’s hair kept standing?

Answer: Due to the zero gravity in the space Sunita’s hair kept standing.

Q2. Think why water flows downwards on any slope. On mountains too water flows downwards, not upwards.

Answer: The earth has the gravitational force, due to the earth’s gravitational force the water flows down the mountain.

Magic 1 – A tiny paper races a coin

Q1. Take a 5 rupee coin and a small piece of paper. The paper should be about one-fourth the size of the coin.

– Hold the coin in one hand and the paper in the other. Drop them at the same time. What happened?

– Now place the tiny paper on the coin and drop them. What happened this time? Surprised!

Answer: When dropping the coin in one hand and the paper in the other, the coin reaches the ground faster than the paper.

When placing the tiny paper on the coin and dropping them together, both reach the ground at the same time.

Magic 2 – A mouse lifts an elephant

Q1. To play this you will need a small stone, a bigger stone (lemon-sized), a thick roll of paper (which can be made with layers of papers), mouse and an elephant made of paper.

– Take a string about 2 feet long.

– At one end of the string tie the small stone. Stick or tie the mouse to the stone.

– Put the string into the roll of paper.

– At the other end of the string tie the bigger stone and stick the elephant.

– Hold the roll of paper and move your hand to rotate the small stone.

– Who is pulling whom? You will be surprised! The mouse lifts the elephant!

How did this magic happen?

Answer: When the small stone i.e., the mouse rotates, it creates a force due to which the bigger stone i.e., the elephant is being pulled up.

Look at this photograph at tell

Q1. Can you see India?

Answer: Yes I can see India on the globe.

Q2. Can you recognize any other place?

Answer: Yes I can recognize Sri Lanka on the globe.

Q3. Where is the sea?

Answer: Blue colour on the globe indicates water.

Q4. Do you find anything similar between the globe and this picture of the earth? In what ways are they different?

Answer: Similarities between the globe and the earth is that, we can identify which part is land and which part is sea. But it is difficult to identify a particular country or a city in the globe.

Q5. Do you think Sunita could make out Pakistan, Nepal and Burma separately, when she saw the earth from space?

Answer: No it is difficult to identify these countries, since no particular country can be visible from space.

Look at the globe in your school and tell

Q1. Can you find India?

Answer: Yes we can easily find India.

Q2. Where all do you find the sea?

Answer: The blue coloured part is the sea.

Q3. Which countries can you see?

Answer: I can see all the countries like India, USA, Australia, South Africa, China, Germany, Europe etc.

Q4. Can you see some of the countries with which India plays cricket matches? For example: England, Australia, Pakistan, Bangladesh and South Africa.

Answer: Yes I can see all these countries.

Q5. What else can you see on the globe?

Answer: Apart from sea and countries, I can see islands, mountains etc. on the globe.

Look at the map of your country and tell

Q1. Can you find the state in which you live? Write its name on the map.

Answer: Yes I can find Karnataka the place I live in.

Q2. Which are the states next to the state you live in?

Answer: The states next to Karnataka are Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Goa.

Q3. Have you been to any other state?

Answer: Yes, I had been to Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu states.

Q4. Shahmir thinks that there are lines drawn on the ground between the states. What do you think?

Answer: I think these lines are just on the map and not in real.

Look at the sky

Q1. Why don’t you try to do the same with a coin? How many centimeters away from the eye did you keep the coin to hide the moon?

Answer: To hide the moon completely we have to keep the coin at a distance of 25 centimeters away from the eye.

Think

Q1. Do you think the moon is flat like the coin or round like a ball?

Answer: I think the moon is round like a ball.

Q2. Look at the moon tonight and draw what it looks like. Look and draw again after one week, and then after 15 days.

Answer:

Today’s Date	Date after a week	Date after 15 days
1-2-2020	8-2-2020	16-2-2020

Swipe left

Here are the phases of moon:

Find out

Q1. When is the next full moon? At what time will the moon rise on this day? What does the moon look like on this day? Draw it.

Answer: Next full moon is on 8^th of this month. It rises just after the sun sets. The moon looks like complete white circle.

Q2. What are the festivals related to the moon?

Answer: Festivals related to full moon are, Karwa Chauth, Holi, Eid etc.

Q3. At night look at the sky carefully for 5 minutes.

– What could you see?

Answer: At night I could see the moon and the stars.

– Did you see anything moving in the sky? What do you think it could be? A star or a shooting star or a satellite (satellites are used for the TV, telephones and for weather reports). Find out more about this.

Answer: Yes I saw something moving in the sky, may be it could be a shooting star since it crosses of faster. In case if it would be satellite, it would move very slowly.

Look at the table and tell

Q1. Given below are the times at which the moon rises and sets in Delhi (on the given days).

Date

Time of moonrise (hours : minutes)

Time of moonset (hours : minutes)

28.10.2007

29.10.2007

30.10.2007

31.10.2007

19 : 16

20 : 17

21 : 22

22 : 29

08 : 50

10 : 03

11 : 08

12 : 03

Swipe left

– On 28 October the moon came out at ___ minutes past ___ o’clock.

– On 29 October the moon came out at ___ minutes past ___ o’clock.

– On 29 October there was a difference of ___ hours and ___ minutes in the time of the moon rise (as compared to 28 October).

Answer:

– On 28 October the moon came out at 16 minutes past 7 o’clock.

– On 29 October the moon came out at 17 minutes past 8 o’clock.

– On 29 October there was a difference of 1 hour and 1 minute in the time of the moon rise (as compared to 28 October).

Q2. If you saw the moon rising at 7 pm today, would you see it at the same time tomorrow?

Answer: No the moon rises on different timings on different days.

Q3. On 31 October the time of setting of the moon is given as 12:03. Have you ever seen the moon at 12 in the afternoon? Why don’t we easily see the moon or stars during the day?

Answer: No I have not seen the moon at 12 in the afternoon. Due to the sunlight during the day dominates, hence we cannot see the moon or stars during the day.

An interesting photograph!

A spaceship went to the moon. This photograph of the earth was clicked from the surface of the moon. See how the earth is looking. Can you see the surface of the moon? Do you have some questions after looking at this picture? Write down those questions and discuss them in the class.

Answer: Yes I can see the surface of the moon is clearly visible. There are a few question running in my mind:

Who clicked this picture?
How could they land on the moon?
How was there experience seeing the earth from moon?
Does water or air exists on the moon?

What we have learnt

Q1. Why do children always slide down the slide and not slide up? If this slide were there in Sunita’s spacecraft, would children slide like this? Why?

Answer: Due to the gravitational force by the earth usually children slide down and cannot slide up. If this slide was at Sunita’s spacecraft then children would not enjoy since there is zero gravity and children cannot slide instead they would float.

Q2. Why do we see stars mostly at night?

Answer: We see stars only at night because there is no sunlight at night.

Q3. Looking at earth from the space, Sunita said, “Different countries cannot be seen as separate from here. These lines are on paper. They are made by us.” What do you understand by this?

Answer: Humans have created the boundary lines indeed it’s not for the nature. So from the space we cannot identify a particular country or a city, just for human understanding they have drawn the lines and separated the countries.

Chapter : 11^th

Sunita in Space

(Work book works)

Multiple choice questions (MCQs) :

In High School, Sunita wanted to become a :
c) Driver

When did Sunita Williams set a new record for the longest space flight by a woman?
c) In 2007

Which of the following countries is situated on the lower part of the globe?

b) Brazil

Our Earth looks like the :
b) Globe

Which of the following festival is related to the moon ?
c)

Fill in the blanks.
In space there was no gravity.
Sunita describes her view of the Earth from the spaceship.

The Earth shape is like globe.

Scientists tried hard to find out how big is the earth.
The blue part of the globe is sea.
Water floats like blobs in space.

Write True or False :
There are lines between different countries on the globe. - True
The Earth is very beautiful - True

The moon changes its shape monthly. - False

The Sky, Stars, the Sun and the Moon are inside the globe. - False
The earth pulls everything towards it-self - True
Sunita often gives her own example to tell children. - True

Answer the following questions :
What will happen if the Earth stops rotating ?

ANS. Because of the rotation of the earth we experience the day and night. If the earth stops rotating the one part of the earth which is towards the Sun experience always day and the other side which is opposite of the Sun always feels night.

What are two movements of the Earth called ? Explain them.

ANS. Revolution and Rotation.

Revolution is known as the revolving the earth beside the sun for a period of 1 year.

Rotation means movement or spinning of the earth on its own axis.

Are there any boundaries between countries?

ANS. No, there are no boundaries between countries.

Chapter-12

What if it finishes?

Work book works.

I Multiple choice questions (M.C.Q s)

(I.) The common fuel are

Both (a) and (b)

(II.) Large vehicle like trucks are run on

Diesel

(III.) Which of the following funds gives least smoke?

C.N.G

(IV.) To clean oil found deep down in the earth it is sent to

Refinery

(V.) Which of the following is obtained from petroleum?

all of these

II Fill in the blanks

LPG is the short form of Liquefied petroleum gas
Adalaj step well is about 18km from Ahmedabad

iii. Generally we don’t see any bicycles on highway

Vehicle stops at a petrol pump for fuel.
There is no lot of smoke when damp wood is burnt

III Write true or false.

Oil can be found everywhere under the ground – false
Oil is formed naturally and quickly- false

iii. Oil pumped out from the ground is a smelly thick dark coloured liquid- true

Electricity can be used to run vehicle- true
It is not safe to go on speeding vehicles- true
Rates of petrol are different in different cities- true

IV Tick [] the correct choice.

All small/big vehicles used diesel fuel.
There are many zigzag roads in plains/mountain.

iii. LPG/petrol engines of vehicles run smoothly.

V Answer the following questions.

What do you think different kinds of vehicles need fuel?

Ans: - Most of the vehicles today run on different types of fuel like petrol, diesel, CNG

etc... Without fuel vehicles cannot move one place to another place.

What steps can be taken to save fuel?

Ans: - Fuel like petrol, diesel, etc. are not last forever so we have to save it for our

children and we have to try using more and more renewable source of energy.

Chapters for second semester12 to 22

Chapters for 3 rd unit test 12 to 16

# 12th Chapter- What If It Finishes?

#13 Chapter - Shelter So High

# 14th Chapter- When The Earth Shook

# 15th Chapter- Blow Hot Blow Cold

# 16th Chapter- Who Will Do This Work?

Chapters for 4^th unit test-17 to 22

# 17th Chapter- Across The Wall

# 18 Chapter- No Place For Us

# 19th Chapter- A Seed Tells a Farmer’s Story

# 20 th Chapter- Whose Forest?

#21^st Chapter- Like Father Like Daughter

#22^nd Chapter- On The Move Again

Chapter 12 what if it finishes

Text book question answers

Q1: What are the different kinds of vehicles that you can see?

Answer: I can see vehicles like cycles, cars, buses, motor cycle, scooter, auto rickshaw etc.

Q2: What do you think they need petrol and diesel as fuel?

Answer: Cycles does not need any fuel, but other vehicles shown here need petrol or diesel as their fuel.

Q3: Which of the vehicles do you think give off smoke? Put a red mark on those.

Answer: The vehicles such as car, bus, motor cycle and auto rickshaw.

Q4: Which are the vehicles run without petrol and diesel?

Answer: Cycle can run without petrol and diesel.

Q5: What problems do we face from the speeding vehicles?

Answer: It may cause accidents.

Tell:

Q1: Do you ride a bicycle? If yes, where all do you go on it?

Answer: Yes, I ride bicycle. I use bicycle for going to the market and playground.

Q2: How do you come to school?

Answer: I come to school by bus.

Q3: How do your family members go to work from home?

Answer: My father goes by car and my mother goes by scooter.

Q4: What problems can we have from smoke coming out of vehicles?

Answer: Smoke coming from vehicles can cause nausea, cough, lung diseases, headache and skin allergy.

Q5: What kind of problems can we face from noise of vehicles (honking)?

Answer: Noise coming from vehicles cause headache and irritation.

Find out and discuss:

Q1: Which states of India have oil fields?

Answer: Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Assam have oil fields.

Q2: Besides oil, what else is found deep inside the earth?

Answer: Besides oil many minerals are found deep inside the earth such as coal, gold, iron, copper, diamond, potassium, magnesium and zinc.

Write:

Q1: What all can vehicles run on?

Answer: Vehicles can run on petrol, diesel, LPG, solar energy and battery.

Q2: What kinds of problems will we face, if the number of vehicles keep on increasing? For example, more traffic on the road. Talk to your elders and write about it.

Answer: If the number of vehicles keep on increasing it would lead to many problems like, increased traffic on the road, air pollution, noise pollution and accidents.

Q3: Manju said, “Why doesn’t everyone use a bus?” What do you think, why don’t people travel by buses?

Answer: Buses are overcrowded and hence people want to avoid that.

Q4: Suggest some ways to deal with the problems arising out of the growing number of vehicles.

Answer: People should prefer public transport like bus, trains etc. and people should use car pool to avoid problems arising out of the growing number of vehicles.

Q5: What are the benefits, if we switch off the engine of the vehicles at the red light on the road?

Answer: It will save the fuels if we switch off the engine of the vehicles at the red light on the road.

Find OUT and Write:

Answer:

The rates of petrol are different in each city. The rates of petrol and diesel in Delhi are given here. Look at the table and answer the questions.

Q1: In 2014, as compared to 2007 the rate of petrol went up by ———rupees. The rate of diesel increased by ————rupees.

In 2014, as compared to 2007 the rate of petrol went up by 23.34 rupees. The rate of diesel increased by 28.49 rupees.

Q2: What was the difference in the rates of petrol and diesel from 2002 to 2007 and 2007 to 2014?

Answer: The difference in the rates of petrol from 2002 to 2007 is 13.61 rupees and diesel is 11.57 rupees.

The difference in the rates of petrol from 2007 to 2014 is 23.34 rupees and diesel is 28.49 rupees.

Find OUT:

Q1: What is the price of petrol and diesel in your area?

Answer: The price of petrol in my area is ₹ 74.46 per liter and price of diesel is ₹ 66.84

Q2: Why are the prices of petrol and diesel going up?

Answer: The prices of petrol and diesel is going up because of its production is limited while consumption is increasing day by day.

Q3: In one month how much petrol and diesel is used in your home? What is it used for?

Answer: Depends upon the distance we travel. It is used for vehicles.

See the poster and Write:

Q1: Where all is oil used?

Answer: Oil used for dry cleaning, for lighting, as fuel for automobiles and airplanes, for making plastic and paints, to run machines and as kerosene and LPG.

Q2: Where is diesel used? Find out

Answer: Diesel is used for to run machines and as fuel for automobiles.

Think and discuss:

Q1: What would happen if you don’t get petrol or diesel for a week in your village or town?

Answer: If petrol and diesel will not be available for a week the life will become difficult for everyone to travel, to do work in industries.

Q2: Suggest some ways to save oil.

Answer: Some of the measures are listed below to save oil.

Switch off the engines at the red light on the road.
Use more public transport than private.
Usage of alternative energies like solar and bio gas.
Prefer walking or cycle for shorter distance.

discuss:

Q1: Have you ever collected dry wood or made cow dung cakes? How are they made?

Answer: Yes I have collected dry wood to make bonfire during winters. I have never made cow dung cakes but have seen in villages. Hay is mixed with cow dung and the mixture is given a shape of circle and it is sun dried to make cow dung cakes.

Q2: Do you know anyone who collects dry wood or leaves to be used for lighting a chulha?

Answer: Yes, I have seen some people in villages collecting dry wood leaves for lighting a chulha.

Q3: Who cooks food in your family? What about other families in your area?

Answer: My mother cooks food in my family. In other families usually ladies will cook. In some areas servants also cook.

Q4: If they cook food using wood or upla (cow dung cakes), what difficulties do they face due to smoke?

Answer: The smoke from wood or cow dung creates many difficulties like lung diseases, headache, eye burning, nausea and problems related to respiration.

Q5: Can Durga use anything else instead of wood? Why not?

Answer: Yes, Durga can use cow dungs instead of wood.

Change in fuel use over twenty years:

Q1: In year 1976, out of 100 how many houses used upla and wood?

Answer: 84 houses.

Q2: Which was the fuel used the least in 1976?

Answer: Electricity.

Q3: In 1976, LPG and kerosene were used in______houses and in 1996 this increased to______. This means that in twenty years their use increased by________%.

In 1976, LPG and kerosene were used in 10 houses and in 1996 this increased to 18. This means that in twenty years their use increased by 80 %

Q4: Out of 100, how many houses were using electricity in 1996?

Answer: 5 houses.

Q5: Which fuel was used the least in 1996? What percentage of houses used it in the year 1976?

Answer: Coal was used the least in 1996. In 1976 it was used in 5% of houses.

Find out from your elders:

Q1: When they were young what was then used to cook food at home?

Answer: When they were young coal, wood and cow dung were used to cook food at home.

Q2: In the past 10 years use of which cooking fuel has increased in your area? Use of which fuel has decreased?

Answer: In past 10 years use of LPG and electricity has increased. Use of cow dung and wood has decreased.

Q3: Guess the use of which fuel would increase and which would decrease in the next 10 years.

Answer: In next 10 years use of LPG and electricity will increase. Use of cow dung and wood will decrease.

Chapter-12

What if it finishes? Work book solutions

Work book works. I Multiple choice questions (M.C.Q s)

(I.) The common fuel are

Both (a) and (b)

(II.) Large vehicle like trucks are run on

Diesel

(III.) Which of the following funds gives least smoke?

C.N.G

(IV.) To clean oil found deep down in the earth it is sent to

Refinery

(V.) Which of the following is obtained from petroleum?

all of these

II Fill in the blanks

LPG is the short form of Liquefied petroleum gas
Adalaj step well is about 18km from Ahmedabad

iii. Generally we don’t see any bicycles on highway

Vehicle stops at a petrol pump for fuel.
There is no lot of smoke when damp wood is burnt

III Write true or false.

Oil can be found everywhere under the ground – false
Oil is formed naturally and quickly- false

iii. Oil pumped out from the ground is a smelly thick dark coloured liquid- true

Electricity can be used to run vehicle- true
It is not safe to go on speeding vehicles- true
Rates of petrol are different in different cities- true

IV Tick [] the correct choice.

All small/big vehicles used diesel fuel.
There are many zigzag roads in plains/mountain.

iii. LPG/petrol engines of vehicles run smoothly.

V Answer the following questions.

What do you think different kinds of vehicles need fuel?

Ans: - Most of the vehicles today run on different types of fuel like petrol, diesel, CNG

etc... Without fuel vehicles cannot move one place to another place.

What steps can be taken to save fuel?

Ans: - Fuel like petrol, diesel, etc. are not last forever so we have to save it for our

children and we have to try using more and more renewable source of energy.

Chapter 13 A Shelter So High text book question answers

Tell

Q1. Have you ever stayed in a tent? Where? What was it like?

Answer: Yes I have stayed in a tent when I had been on a vacation to Manali. It was a thrilling experience for me.

Q2. Imagine that you were to stay alone in a small tent for two days and could take with you only ten things. Make a list of those ten things.

Answer: If I were to stay alone in the tent for 2 days then I would carry things like blankets, clothes, food, repellents, water, protection guard, first aid kit, camera, torch, woollen clothes, shoes etc.

Q3. What are the different types of houses that you have seen? Tell your friends about it. Make drawings too.

Answer: I have seen different types of houses like cave houses, castle, apartment, single-family detached house, carriage etc.

Cave houses:

A carriage house:

An apartment:

Write

Q1. During winters, Tashi and his family live on the ground floor. Why would they be doing so?

Answer: During winters, Tashi and his family would live on the ground floor because their ground floor has no windows in turn which would keep them warm from the outside weather.

Q2. What is the roof of your house like? What all is the roof used for?

Answer: My roof top is flat in shape. We use the roof top for drying clothes, drying food items etc. during summers we sleep on the roof top since it would be hot inside the house.

Find out

Q1. At what height is the place where you live?

Answer: I live in a place where it is situated at a height of 350meters above sea level.

Q2. Why did Gaurav Jani say – “This place is so high that it is difficult to breathe normally?”

Answer: The air usually becomes thinner to breathe when going to high altitudes. Hence the oxygen levels would have gone down so Gaurav Jani said so.

Q3. Have you ever been to a hilly place? Where?

Answer: Yes I had been to a hilly place located at Himachal Pradesh.

Q4. At what height was it? Did you have any difficulty in breathing there?

Answer: Yes breathing became difficult when I reached a height of 1654meters.

Q5. Which is the highest place you have been to?

Answer: The highest place I had been to was keylong pass.

Q6. For the Changpas their animals are a very important part of their life. Is any animal part of your life? For example, as a pet, or as helpers in farming.

Answer: Yes dog is an important part of my life.

Q7. List five ways in which different animals are a part of your life.

Answer: Five ways in which different animals are a part of life are

Cow – it helps in producing milk.
Ox – it helps the farmers in farming.
Sheep – its fur is very useful.
Dog – it gives protection.

Find out

Q1. You read that in Changthang the temperature drops below 0°C. Look at newspapers on the TV to find cities in India or abroad where the temperature drops below 0°C. In which months do you expect to see this?

Answer: In India the cities which drop below 0^o C is Leh, Ladak, Kashmir, manali, etc. in abroad cities like Switzerland, Ottawa, Siberia, Antarctica etc. this usually happens in the month of December and January.

Tell

The houses in different parts of Jammu and Kashmir are made to suit the climate and the needs of the people there.

Q1. Are there different types of houses in the place where you live? If yes, think about the reasons.

Answer: Yes there are different types of houses in the locality I live in. Depending on the budget, people have built up their buildings like: very rich people have constructed bungalows, middle class people own an apartment, and poor people build up huts.

Q2. Think of your own house. Is there something special in it – like a sloping roof as it rains a lot, or a courtyard where you can sleep when it is hot or where things are kept in the sun (for drying, etc.)? Make a drawing.

Answer: Yes my house has a sloping roof. When it rains heavily the water slops down the roof. We also have a courtyard at the back of the house for drying things.

Q3. What are the materials used for making your house? Is it mud, brick, stone, wood or cement?

Answer: Materials required to build my house is mud, brick, cement, glass, wood, stone etc.

Discuss and write

Q1. Can you guess the similarities and differences in the life of Bakarwal people and the life of the Changpas.

Answer: Here are a few similarities between the life of Bakarwal people and life of the Changpas.

They live in the mountains of Jammu and Kashmir.
They keep moving from one place to another.
They earn their livelihood by selling the fur obtained from these animals.
They eat meat of animals like sheep, yak, goat etc.

The difference between the life of Bakarwal people and life of the Changpas is that.

The Bakarwal people gaze any type of goat and sheep at any place. And stay at low altitudes only.
But Changpas gaze only special type of goat at high altitude because their wool would be very softly which is very costly. They live at high altitudes only.

What we have learnt

You read about different kinds of shelters in Jammu and Kashmir – some on high mountains, some on water, some with beautiful designs in wood and stone, and some mobile shelters that can even be packed and carried to another place.

Q1. Describe how these shelters suit the needs of the people who live there.

Answer: The shelters are built as per the needs of the people who live there. The houses which are built using stone and wood provide good warmth during winter season. Houses on water ie., the boathouse provides all the comforts required by the occupants. Tents which are built at high altitudes by the Changpas are good for people who keep wandering a lot.

Q2. How are these different from the house you live in?

Answer: The houses which we live in, is built as per our requirements and depends on the weather conditions. We use cement, bricks, stone, wood etc. to construct a house. But in case of Changpas or Bakarwal people, they build up tents and keep wandering. Hence our houses are different from them.

This is an important part of the academic curriculum as the student develops an idea of the national boundaries and geographic features. Furthermore, this chapter carries questions that are quite important from an examination point of view. Therefore, the solutions are created in such a way that students can easily understand and comprehend the topics and reproduce the same in the exam effortlessly.

Chapter – 13 - A Shelter so High workbook solutions

Q.I. Multiple Choice Questions: -

Some old houses in Srinagar have a special window which comes out of the wall know as
c) Dab
Which of the following is not a type of hose?
a) Dab
Bakarwal people live in houses made of
b) Stones and mud
Which of the following place is a ‘ Cold desert’?
c) ladakh
Where is Leh?
b) Ladakh

Q.II. Fill in the blanks: -

Jule means Welcome
Tourists who came to Srinagar love to stay in a house boats
House boats can be as long as 80 feet and around 8 to 9 feet wide.
Gaurav Jani went on a long journey with his motorcycle named Loner
In Ladakh there were high snowcapped mountains and cold flat ground.
The big cone shaped tenet is known as Rebo.

Q.III. True or False: -

Changpa tribe has only 500 people – False
Changpas had horses and yaks. – False
Ladakh gets very little rainfall. – True
Changthang is at height of almost 6000m. – False
It is believed that Pashmina shawl is an warm as six sweaters. – True

Q.IV. Match the following: -

Column - A Column – B

Eskimos Igloos
Nomads Tents
Gypsies Caravans 4. Stilt houses In hilly areas
Skyscrapers Metropolitan Cities

Activity

* Identify the pictures of the following houses and name them: -

Flat 2. House boat 3. Igloo 4. Tent 5. House 6. Hut

Chapter 14 When The Earth Shook

Text book question answers

Discuss And write:

Q1: Have you or anyone that you know ever faced such difficulty?

Answer: No, but I heard in the television news.

Q2: Who all helped at such a time? Make a list.

Answer: In such difficulty many people like neighbor states people, military force, doctors and political leaders helped them.

Discuss:

Q1: A lot of people from other places came to Jasma’s village. Who were these people? In what ways would they have helped the villagers?

Answer: Many people came from cities to Jasma’s village. Some of them from non – government organizations, some of them were scientists, some of them are doctors and medical personnel.

They would have helped by bringing in the much needed relief. They brought food, clothes, and medicines. The scientists wanted to identify areas which were more prone to getting earthquakes. Doctors and medical personnel provided first aid to them.

Q2: People in Jasma’s village rebuilt their houses with suggestions from the engineers. Will these houses be safer than before in case there is an earthquake again? Why?

Answer: The engineers gave suggestions to build houses so that there would be least damage in case of earthquake. So, these house would be safer in case there is an earthquake again.

Q3: Think, if there were an earthquake where you live, would your house be in danger?

Answer: In case of an earthquake in my area, my house would definitely be in danger. The worst is the possibility of the roof getting collapsed. It can also damage the household items and cause injuries to us.

Q4: What will you do to save pet animals during natural disaster?

Answer: I will prepare an emergency kit to my pet which consists of medical need, water, food etc. along with the shelter.

write:

Q1: Compare your house with that of Jasma. List in your notebook what materials were used in making both the houses.

Answer:

What will you do?

People from the groups also made children in Jasma’s school practice what they should do in case there is an earthquake. This is what they said:

– If possible leave the house and go to an open ground.

– If you cannot go out of the house, lie down under a strong thing like a table and hold on tightly, so that it does not slip away. Wait until the shaking stops.

Q1: Have you been told in your school or anywhere else about what to do in case of an earthquake?

Answer: Yes, there was a seminar on what to do in case of earthquake. We were told to go to an open area. If someone is unable to go to an open area then he or she can hide under a table and hold it firmly.

Q2: Why do you think one should go under a table during an earthquake?

Answer: In case of collapse of house during an earthquake, the table can save the person from injury. Hence one should go under a table during an earthquake.

Who helped?

Read this TV report on the Bhuj earthquake.

Write:

Q1: According to the TV report, thousands of people were injured and some died in Gujarat. If the buildings had been made in a way that they would not fall in the earthquake, would the damage have been different? How?

Answer: People do not die because of earthquake but they get injured or die because of house collapse. So, if the buildings are made earthquake proof then there will be least damage in case of earthquake.

Q2: At times like this, when people have lost their homes and all their belongings, what kind of help would they need?

Answer: At such times people will need tents to prepare huts and basic needs like cloth, food, water and medicines.

Q3: In such situations whose help would be needed and for what? Write in your notebook as shown here.

Answer:

Whose help will be needed	How will they help
1. Dog	To smell out where people are lying trapped
U2. Doctors	To provide first aid and medical care
3. Government organization	To provide required relief measures
4. Non-government organization	To provide required relief measures

Discuss:

Q1: Have you ever seen people in your area helping each other? When?

Answer: Yes, I have seen people helping each other during accidents.

Q2: Why do people live together in a neighborhood?

Answer: Because to share their happiness as well as to help each other in difficult times.

Q3: Imagine living in a place where there were no other houses or people around. How would it be? For example, whom would you play with? With whom would you celebrate festivals and special days? Would you be scared?

Answer: It would be definitely a difficult situation, my festivals and special days would be boring without anyone. Of course it would be very scary.

Chapter – 14 – When the Earth Shook (workbook solutions)

Q.I. Multiple Choice Questions: -

Which calamity occurred on 26^th January 2001?
c) Earthquake
Shortage of food and water can result in a
c) Famine
When there is no rain, crops can fail, then there can be a
d) Drought
Excessive rainfall can lead to
b) Flood

Q.II. Fill in the blanks: -

Scientists tried to find out which areas have more chances of having an earthquake.
Engineers and architects showed designs of houses which would not get damaged much in earthquake.
In case of earthquake lie down under a strong thing and hold it.
6 people of Jasma’s village died.
Fear and Cold kept village people awake in the night.

Q.III. True or False: -

Jasma was 15 years old when there was an earthquake in her city. – False
Village women cooked food together at Motabapu’s house and fed everyone. – True
In case of an earthquake we should not go an open area. – False
Jasma’s village hospital was not much damaged. – False
Nobody was injured from Jasma’s family. – False

Q.IV. Write one word answer: -

Shaking of the earth: Earthquakes
A natural disaster caused by failed monsoon: Droughts
Instrument used to measure the strength of an earthquake: Seismograph

Q.V. Find out how the following natural disasters are caused: -

Earthquakes:

Earthquakes are usually caused by, when rock in underground suddenly breaks along a fault. This sudden release some energy. This energy cause the seismic waves that make the ground shake.

Cyclones:

Chapter 15 Blow,Hot Blow Cold

Text book question answer

Q1. Have you warmed your hands in winter by blowing on them when they are cold? How does it feel?

Answer: Yes blowing on my hands made my hands warmer in winter. It feels warmer and comfortable.

Q2. Blow hard from your mouth onto your hands. How did you find the air from your mouth as compared to the air around? Was it hotter, or cooler?

Answer: Blowing hard from my mouth onto the hands, the air from the mouth was hotter than the outside air around me.

Q3. Now put your hands at some distance from your mouth, and blow again. Does the air from your mouth feel warm? Why?

Answer: When we put our hands at some distance from our mouth and blow the air from the mouth we feel that the air is not warmer. Since the hand is kept far at a place the air blown from mouth by the time it reaches the hand it becomes cold by mixing with the air around.

Think and tell

Q1. Can you think of any other way in which you use the warmth from your breath?

Answer: We can use the warmth of the breath for the redness of the eye or any injury, by blowing it onto the handkerchief and keeping it on the redness of the eye it gives relief by doing so.

Q2. Fold a piece of cloth 3-4 times. Now bring it close to your mouth and blow hard on it. Did the cloth become warm?

Answer: Yes, even after folding the cloth 3-4 times and by blowing the air from the mouth the cloth results in warmth.

Q3. Balishtiye saw that the woodcutter was trying to cool the hot potatoes by blowing on them. What would have happened if he had eaten the potatoes without cooling them?

Answer: If Balishtiye had eaten the hot potatoes without cooling them, then it would have caused burns in his mouth.

Q4. Have you ever burnt your tongue when you ate or drank something that was too hot? How do you cool some food when it is too hot?

Answer: Yes while sipping hot tea I burnt my tongue. I sometimes use fan to cool my food or otherwise by blowing over it I cool it.

Q5. If you were to cool these three hot things – dal, roti, rice – in which ways would you do so?

Answer: To cool down these items, firstly we should keep them in a wider container and keep under a fan or if it is in less quantity we can blow over it and cool it.

Q6. For what other things do you blow air from your mouth?

Answer: We blow air from mouth to clean spectacles, to whistle, to clean any dust particles, to blow the flute etc.

Picture 1

Q1. Mini tried to cool her tea by blowing on it. Which do you think will be hotter – Mini’s tea or the air she blew from her mouth?

Answer: Mini’s tea will be hotter than the air which she blew from her mouth.

Picture 2

Q1. Sonu was feeling very cold. He kept blowing on to his hands. Now think and write, which will be cooler – Sonu’s hands or his breath?

Answer: Sonu’s hands will be cooler. Since his hands are open to the air outside which makes it colder.

Blow in different ways

Q1. Make whistles of the things given below. Write in a sequence–from the loudest to the softest whistle.

– Wrapper of a toffee

– A leaf

– A balloon

– The cap of a pen

– Any other thing

Answer: The sequence from the loudest to the softest whistle is given below:

– The cap of the pen

– By putting fingers in the mouth

– By wrapping of a toffee

– By a balloon

– By a leaf

Q2. Have you seen people playing different musical instruments like flute, dholak, been …., guitar, mridang, etc. Can you recognize their sounds with your eyes closed? Find out more about these musical instruments. Collect their pictures too.

Answer: Yes by closing my eyes I can recognize the sounds of flute, dholak, been …., guitar, mridang, etc.

Flute: It is one the musical instruments by blowing air we use this instrument. Hence it is a wind instrument.

Dholak: It is a two-headed hand-drum from the Indian subcontinent. It is basically a folk instrument. Hence it is a type of percussion instrument.

Guitar: It is a type of sting instrument, consists of strings in it.

Been: It is also a type of wind instrument. Played by blowing the air from mouth.

Mridang: It is a double – sided drum whose body is usually made using a hollowed piece of jackfruit wood. It is a type of percussion instrument.

Write

Q1. Can you name some things which produce melodious or pleasing sounds when we blow into them.

Answer: Here are a few musical instruments which produce melodious or pleasing sounds when we blow air into them: flute, mouth organ, been, banjo etc.

Do this and discuss

Q1. Have you seen someone blowing on their spectacles to wipe them clean? How does the air from the mouth help in cleaning the spectacles?

Answer: Yes I have seen some of them blow air onto the spectacles to clean them. The moist from the air blown gets converted into droplets of water on the glass and hence can clean the spectacles.

Q2. Take a glass. Bring it near your mouth and blow hard on it. Do this two or three times. Does the glass look hazy?

Answer: Yes by blowing air into the glass, the moist formed by the air blown comes in contact with the glass which makes the glass look hazy. It’s not just the glass even the mirror also becomes hazy when air is blown onto it.

Q3. Can you make a mirror hazy in the same way? Can you tell by touching the mirror what made it hazy? Is the air you blew from your mouth dry or wet?

Answer: Yes I can make the mirror hazy as well. When we blow the air, the moist formed by the air blown comes in contact with the mirror which makes the mirror look hazy. The air blew from the mouth is wet.

Q4. Put your hand on your chest. When you breathe in, does your chest come out or go in.

Answer: By putting hand on the chest when we breathe in, the chest comes out.

Q5. Measure your chest

– Take a deep breath in, Ask your friend to measure your chest with a thread. Measurement ….

– Now breathe out. Again ask your friend to measure your chest. Measurement …

– Was there any difference in the two measurements of your chest?

Answer: Measurement of chest when I take a deep breathe in is 25cm.

Measurement of chest when I breathe out is 21cm.

Yes, there is a difference in two measurements, when we breathe in the chest comes out and measures more. While we breathe out, the chest goes in and measure less.

How many breaths in one minute

Q1. Put your finger under your nose. Can you feel any air when you breathe out from your nose?

Answer: When I put my figure under my nose yes I can feel the air which we breathe out.

Q2. Count how many times in one minute do you breathe in and breathe out.

Answer: Around 16-18 times per minute I breathe in and breathe out.

Q3. Jump 30 times. Did you feel breathless?

Answer: Yes by jumping 30 times I felt breathless.

Q4. Now again count how many times in one minute you breathed in and out.

Answer: So after jumping I breathed in and out around 25 times per minute.

Q5. What was the difference in your count before and after jumping?

Answer: The difference in count before and after jumping is 7 counts, since the rate of breathing increases due to jumping.

The clock inside you

Q1. You have all heard the ‘tick tick’ of the clock. Have you seen a doctor using a stethoscope to listen to our chest? What do you think she hears? Where is the sound coming from? Is there a clock inside your chest that keeps ticking away?

Answer: Yes I have a seen a doctor using a stethoscope to listen to our chest. She hears the heartbeat. The sound of the heartbeat comes from the heart while it pumps blood to the other parts of the body. No its not a clock to keep ticking away, it’s the heart which is beating.

Q2. Do you want to listen to your heartbeat? Take a rubber tube as long as the distance from your shoulder to your elbow. At one end of the tube fix a funnel. Place the funnel on the left side of your chest. Put the other end of the tube to your ear. Listen carefully. Did you hear a dhak dhak sound?

Answer: Yes I heard the sound.

Snake tells the flow of air!

Q1. Stand with this snake below a fan. Look in which direction it moves. Take this paper snake to different places and observe its movement.

Answer: When we take the paper snake under a fan it rotates in anticlockwise direction since the air is moving downwards.

Q7. Can you understand from the movement of the snake – if the air is moving upwards or downwards?

Answer: Yes we can understand from the movement of the snake whether the air is moving upwards or downwards. If the paper snake moves in clockwise direction then we can say that the air is moving upwards.

If the paper snake moves in anticlockwise direction then we can say that the air is moving downwards.

What we have learnt

Q1. While playing, Amit hit a wall. His forehead was swollen. Didi immediately folded a scarf (4-5 times), blew on it and kept it on Amit’s forehead. Why do you think didi did this?

Answer: Didi by doing so she could reduce the swollen area. By pressing a kerchief blown with air on the injury it gives relief and reduces pain.

Q2. We blow to cool hot things as well as to warm them. Give examples of each.

Answer: To cool hot things like hot cup of tea, bowl of hot food etc. we blow air to cool.

Things which are colder like a piece of cloth, hands can be warmed up by blowing air.

Chapter 15 Blow Hot Blow Cold workbook solutions

Multiple choice questions (M.C.Q s)

(i.) In winter __________ used to blow on his hands to keep them warm.

b) The wood cutter.

(ii.) Air blown out from our mouth is

a) Hot

(iii.) ___________ air is light and rises.

b) Moisture.
Fill in the blanks
Sonu was feeling very cold. He kept blowing on this hands
You have all heard the ticktick of the clock.

iii. Whenever the air flows upwards. It will move in a clock-wise direction

The air we breathe out contains CO2
When we blow air out of our mouth our chest expand, while when we

breathe air in, our chest contract

III. Write true and false

We blow on hot things to cool them and on cold things to warm them up – true
When you blow on a mirror in summers, you see drops of water on it – false

iii. Our heart beats slowly after we run skip or exercise- false

We blow on a burning fire to increase to supply of air to it- true
Our breath is cooler than hot tea and hence we blow on it to cool it- true.
Name these pictures.
Stethoscope
Campus

iii. Flute

Whistle
Mirror
Answer the following questions.
What is the work of heart?

Ans: - The heart is an organ that pumps blood throughout the body, by blood

the heart also supplying oxygen nutrients to the tissue and removing co2 and

other waste. This is called the circulatory system. If the heart cannot do the

function that person will die. So heart is an important organ in the body.

What do you mean by breathing?

Ans: - Living things cannot live without oxygen, they are taking oxygen from

the outside that is called respiration and realising the CO2. From the lungs to

outside that is called inspiration. This function is called breathing.

iii. Explain inhalation and exhalation.

Ans:- In halation and exhalation are how our body gets oxygen and get rid of

co2. The process get help from a large dome shaped muscle under our lungs

caller the diaphragm. When we breathe in our diaphragm pulls down wards,

and when we breathe out our diaphragm push upwards.

Write five lines about Dr. Zakir Hussain

Ans: - Dr. Zakir Hussain was the first Muslim president of India. He was the

first Indian president who died in the office. He was a great educationist and he

get award of Bharat Ratna.

Chapter 16 who will do this work

Text book question answers

5. How much have they studied?

Ans. Most of them have studied only upto 5 th class.

6. Have they tried to look for some other work?

Ans. No, they have not tried to look for any other work.

7. Did the elders in their family also do this work?

Ans. Yes, the elders in their family also do this work.

8. What kind of difficulties do they face in doing this work?

Ans. They have to face many difficulties while doing this work, such as:

(i) They have to face excessively foul smelling garbage due to which they might suffer from many health related problems.

(ii) The other people look them with hatred and consider them as belonging to a low and backward community.

(iii) Even if they study, they do not get good jobs.

9. What are the differences kinds of work being done in this drawing. List any five of these.

Ans. Five different kinds of work that have been shown in the drawing are:

(i) Working as a labourer

(ii) Working as a road sweeper

(iii) Working as a doctor

(iv) Working as a teacher

(v) Vegetable/fruit seller

10. If you were asked to do any five jobs shown in this picture, which would you choose.

Ans. I would have chosen the following jobs in this picture:

(i) Teacher

(ii) Doctor

(iii) Computer professional

(iv) Artist

(v) Shopkeeper

11. Which five jobs would you not choose? Why?

Ans. I will not choose the following jobs:

(i) Sweeper

(ii) Labourer

(iii) Fruit/Vegetable hawker

(iv) Painter

(v) Gatekeeper

I want to study hard and get a challenging job. I want to achieve a good name and respect in the society and also earn in a good income, so that I can live a happy life. But the jobs mentioned above are not very respectful and I will not be able to earn well by doing these jobs. Thus, I will not choose these jobs.

12. What kind of work or jobs do people not want to do? Why?

Ans. The work which does not require much brain are not challenging, for example, work of a sweeper, gatekeeper, doing white wash on building etc. People does not want to these jobs because by these jobs we cannot earn well, these are not challenging and these are not considered respectful.

13. So, who does this kind of work? Why do people do this kind of work that others do not want to do?

Ans. The poor people usually do this kind of work. This is because:

(i) They do not have enough money to study and get a good job.

(ii) Even if they study and get a degree, they still do not get a good job.

(iii) They have been in this job since their great grandparents or even before that, thus they are forced to get into this job only.

14. What would happen if nobody did this work? If nobody cleared the garbage lying outside your school or your house for one week, then what would happen. Think of same ways so that people would not to do the work they don’t like to do. Draw a picture of what you thought.

Ans. If nobody would clear the garbage lying outside our school or our house, there would be-

(i) a lot of garbage accumulated here and there on the roads.

(ii) the place would become very filthy and foul smelling

(iii) a lot of mosquitoes and other germs would breed in these areas and spread diseases.

Some other ways for cleaning, so that the people would not have to do this work are:

(i) Crane: A crane can be used which carries huge amount of garbage at a time and does not require people to hold the garbage by hands.

(ii) Dalao: It is a special type of big dustbin in which the garbage is collected. When it gets filled up, a crane or truck is brought and it takes away the whole dust-bin as it is.

15. Why did Gandhiji and his team start doing the job of cleaning? What do you think about this?

Ans. It was the usual practice that people from a particular community would do the job of cleaning. These people were considered as untouchable and were hosted by the other people. Gandhiji wanted to remove this practice of untouchability from the society and also wanted the people to respect each other. Thus, Gandhiji and his team started doing the job of cleaning themselves so that can learn from them.

16. Do you know any such people in your area who try to help others in solving their problems? Find out.

Ans. Yes, there is a lady in our colony who has started an NGO. This NGO is working for the cleanliness of the roads, drains etc. The people working in the NGO, personally clean and sweep the roads and drains and thus they are helping others in solving their problems.

17. What are the toilet arrangements in your house? Where is the toilet? Inside the house or outside? Who cleans the toilet?

Ans. In our house there is provision of a modern and concert toilet which is located inside the house. The toilet has a flush system. It has a small water tank with a button. On pushing the button the water rushes out with speed and flushes away the stool and urine. It is cleaned daily by a sweeper.

18. How did the man who was returning from the toilet behave with Mehadevbhai? Why did he behave like this?

Ans. The man those was returning from the toilet talked with Mahadevbhai in an insulting way and treated him feeling of hatred. He thought that these people who clean the toilet are from a very low community and are untouchables. Thus, they should be treated like this

19. How do people generally behave with those people who cleans toilets and drains? Write.

Ans. People generally behave with those people who clean the toilets and drains in an insulting way as they consider them as untouchables and those belonging to a low community. They dislike and avoid to touch them or allow them to enter their kitchen or other rooms of the house expect the toilets.

20. Narayan and Gandhiji discussed all this many years ago. Have things changed now?

Ans. Yes, things have changed a lot now. Now a days, most of the people do not believe in untouchability. In fact, the government has also passed many rules in favour of these people according to which misbehaving with these people in punishable by law. Government has also reserved many seats for these people in educational institutions and government jobs.

21. Who does the cleaning in your school? What all has to be cleaned?

Ans. The cleaning in our school is done by 3-4 sweepers. They have to clean the toilets, all the rooms, the terrace and the, grounds of the school.

22. Do all the children like you help in this? If yes, how?

Ans. Yes, sometimes we help in this cleaning work. We clean our classroom. If any waste papers or any other wastes are lying here and there, we collect them and throw them in the dustbin. We also clean our benches and chairs.

23. If all do not help, why not?

Ans. Some students of the class, do not help of all. They are belonging to very rich families and they consider their insult work doing this cleaning work.

24. Do all the children do all kinds of work?

Ans. No, all the children do not perform all kinds of work. Those who consider this work as a low status or insulting work and hate it, do not perform it or do it only superficially.

25. Do they sometimes have to miss classes to do this work?

Ans. No, they do not miss classes to do this work. They do it in just 5-10 minutes in between the classes.

26. Do the girls and the boys do the same kinds of work.

Ans. Yes, the girls and boys do the same kinds of work.

27. What work do you do at home?

Ans. I do the following work at home:

(i) I clean my room daily. After studying, I arrange all my books and copies properly and do not allow them to spread.

(ii) I also clean my bed daily.

28. Is the work done by boys and girls, men and women the same?

Ans. No, usually the work done by boys and girls, men and women is not the same. The girls and women are usually involved in household jobs like cleaning the rooms, cooking, washing clothes etc. The boys and men are usually involved the outdoor jobs like bringing vegetables, fruit, oil, other household things paying electricity bills etc.

29. Would you like to bring some change? What kind?

Ans. Yes, I would like to bring some changes in this. The girls and women should also he allowed to study so that they can get good jobs and become independent and self relient. Moreover, the boys and men should also participate in some household works and help the women.

30. Do people look at different kinds of work in the same way? If not, why is this so? Why is it important to bring change?

Ans. No, even today people do not look at different kinds of work in the same way. Most of the road cleaners, toilet sweepers etc. are still from some particular communities only. The other people do not consider these jobs respectable and they hate these jobs and also treat these people in a derogatory manner.

This difference has been created because the rich people study well and get good jobs. Thus, they earn well and become richer. But the poor people can’t even afford to eat, So, they can’t spent on studying and are forced to take these kinds of jobs. This needs to be changed in order to bring equality among the people so that everyone should respect each other.

31. Gandhiji used to say that every person should do every kind of work. What do you feel about this? If everyone followed this, what are the things that would change? What are the some changes that will happen in your own house?

Ans. If everyone will start doing all kinds of work then no work will be considered low or disrespectful. There will be equality among the people, no one will feel superior or inferior. No one will insult any one. Everyone will become independent. The practice of untouchability will also vanish. The men and women will work together at our own house also. The men will also help the women by doing some household work.

Imagine:

Q1: What would happen if nobody did this work? If nobody cleared the garbage lying outside your school or your house for one week, then what would happen?

Answer: If nobody will do this work then it will create a lot of problems. The garbage will get collected outside near to school and houses, it will gives bad smell due to the process of rotting.

Tell:

Q1: Why did Gandhiji and his team start doing the job of cleaning. What do you think about this?

Answer: Gandhiji and his team started doing the job of cleaning so that people come out of their mindset. He wanted to respect all kind of jobs too. He wanted to show that a particular job is not meant for particular people or caste.

Q2: Do you know any such people in your area who try to help others in solving their problems? Find out and discuss in the class.

Answer: Yes, now a days also there is such people who try to help others in solving their problems.

Q3: Guests at Gandhiji’s Ashram had to learn this work also. If you were one of these guests, what would you do?

Answer: I would have learnt this work and would have happily done that.

Q4: What are the toilet arrangements in your house? Where is the toilet? Inside the house, or outside? Who cleans the toilet?

Answer: There are toilets in my house, one is attached to room and another one common for everyone. Toilet is inside the house. The toilet is modern with good water facility. Usually mother cleans the toilet sometimes everyone will do.

Q5: How did the man who was returning from the toilet behave with Mahadevbhai? Why did he behave like this?

Answer: The man behaved with Mahadevbhai in insulting way. He behaved like this because his impression towards cleaning toilet is that it is a dirty job and people who do this are untouchables.

Q6: How do people generally behave with those people who clean toilets and drains? Write.

Answer: People generally behave badly with those people who clean toilets and drains because the impression towards them is that they are untouchables.

Q7: Narayan and Gandhiji discussed all this many years ago. Have things changed now?

Answer: yes, these things have changed a lot and the concept of untouchability also vanished.

Chapter – 16 – Who Will Do This Work?

Q.I. Multiple Choice Questions: -

We Consider the Job of a _________ clean.
a) Sweeper
We underpay
a) Doctor
“Dignity of Labour” was the call of
b) Ghandhiji

Q.II. Fill in the blanks: -

Society is _____ on the basis of ___________.
Most People of our Community have been doing many works.
Untouchability is serious matter.
To learn something is like learning a new Skill.
After India’s freedom the Constitution was prepared under the leadership of Baba Shaheb

Q.III. True or False: -

Gandhiji fought against untouchability. – True
The Indian Constitution was prepared under the leadership of B.R Ambedkar. – True
Gandhiji and Narayan continued to argue. – True
Baba Shaheb fought for justice for people disliked him. – False
We have to sweep and wash. – True

Q.IV. Match the following: -

Column - A Column – B

Mansoon House
Sanitary worker Garbage
Farmer Field
Hawker Newspaper

Chapter 17 Wcross the wall

Text book question answers

Tell:

Q1: Who does the cleaning in your school? What all has to be cleaned?

Answer: There are sweepers who do cleaning in my school. They clean classroom, toilets and play ground.

Q2: Do all children like you help in this? If yes, how?

Answer: Yes, most of the students will help them by throwing the dusts in specified bins only.

Q3: If all do not help, why not?

Answer: Because they think cleaning is a dirty job.

Q4: Do all children do all kinds of work?

Answer: No, all children do not do all kinds of work.

Q5: Do they sometimes have to miss classes to do this work?

Answer: No, they won’t miss classes to do this work. Usually in free time we use to do this work.

Q6: Do the girls and boys do the same kinds of work?

Answer: Yes, both girls and boys do the same kind of work.

Q7: What all work do you do at home?

Answer: I use to help my mother in cooking, drying clothes and I use to bring vegetables from market along with my father.

Q8: Is the work done by boys and girls, men and women the sameAnswer: No, the work done by boys and girls, men and women are not same. But they can share their work and they can do it.

Q9: Would you like to bring some change? What kind?

Answer: Yes, both men and women, boys and girls should do all kinds of work.

Find out

Q1. Is there any place to play near your house?

Answer: Yes we have a playground, park near my house.

Q2. What do people play there? Who plays there?

Answer: People play cricket, throw ball etc. in the ground. Usually it’s the children who play in the ground.

Q3. Do the children of your age also get a chance to play there?

Answer: Yes children of my age get turns to play there.

Q4. What other things happen at this place?

Answer: Old age people go for a walk, people jog etc. are the other things which happen there.

Tell

Q1. Has anyone ever stopped you from playing some games? Which games?

Answer: Yes I was stopped from playing throw ball.

Q2. Who stopped you and why? What did you do then?

Answer: Some elderly person stopped me from playing throw ball, he feared it may fall on my head. I stopped playing it.

Q3. Did anyone help you and encourage you to play?

Answer: Yes little older people helped me and encouraged me to play throw ball.

Discuss

Q1. Do girls and boys play different types of games in your school or neighborhood? If yes, then which games do the boys play and which do the girls play?

Answer: Almost all the games are played by both girls and boys. But few games are played by boys such as cricket, football, hockey, baseball etc. and girls play games such as table tennis, shuttle cock, basketball etc.

Q2. Do you think that there is any difference between the games and the way they are played by boys and girls?

Answer: Yes there is a difference between the way boys and girls play the game. Boys usually play very harshly whereas girls prefer playing smoothly.

Q3. Should the games for boys and the girls be different? What do you think?

Answer: I think there should not be any differentiation between girls and boys. Since both are treated equally, anyone can play the game they like.

Write

Q1. Have you ever played as part of a team of your class, school or neighborhood? Whom did you play with? What game did you play?

Answer: Yes I have played for my school team. I played along with my classmates as well as seniors. We played throw ball.

Q2. What is the difference between playing for yourself and for the team?

Answer: There’s a huge difference between playing for myself and for the team. When we play for oneself there is no competition nor there is any fun. But when we play with a team of members we enjoy a lot, we learn how to play and there would be a healthy competition.

Q3. While playing in a team would you like to play for yourself or for the team? Why?

Answer: While playing in a team I would like to play for the team rather than for myself. When we play in a team there would be a better understanding between the team members and it would teach us unity is strength.

Q4. Is your team like the team Afsana played with at Sholapur or like the Nagpada team? How?

Answer: Our team is more like Nagpada team. There is good understanding among our team members, good cooperative, good energy, encouraged each other while playing. Since there is good unity among team members similarly we would also try being perfect and successful. Hence we can say that our team is also same as Nagpada team.

Discuss

Q1. Have you ever taken part in some game or competition from your school or area? How did you feel?

Answer: Yes I have taken part in the game, I felt great when I took part in my school’s competition.

Q2. Did you go to some other place to play? What was that place like? How did you like going to that place?

Answer: Yes we went to other school to play the game. The school looked nice and I liked the school environment when I was there.

Q3. Have you seen matches being played between India and other countries? Which ones?

Answer: Yes I have seen matches being played between India and other countries. I liked India and Australia cricket match.

Q4. We all know about the cricketers of India, and we all like them. Do people also know and like the Indian players who play some other games? (Yes or No). What do you feel about it? Do you know the players of the Indian football or kabaddi team?

Answer: Yes, few of the Indian players of other games are liked by the people. I feel happy that other games are becoming popular. No I have no idea about Indian football or kabaddi team.

Discuss

Q1. What would happen if girls are not allowed to play games, to study or do some other work of their choice?

Answer: If girls were not allowed to play games or study or do any other work of their choice then it would badly affect her mentally and physically. If freedom is not given they cannot showcase their talent either.

Q2. How would you feel if you were not allowed to take part in some game or drama?

Answer: It would make me feel bad if I were not allowed to take part in some game or drama.

Q3. Have you heard of any women players? Name them and the games they play.

Answer: Yes I have heard women players,

PT Usha (Athletics)
Sania Mirza (Tennis)
Mary Kom (Boxing)
Saina Nehwal (Badmiton)
PV Sindhu (Badminton)
Jwala Gutta (Badminton)

Q4. In which areas other than sports have you heard of women getting recognition?

Answer: There are areas where women get recognition other than sports like:

Kalpana Chawla (Astronaut)
Pratibha Patil (First Lady President of India)
Kiran Bedi (Police Officer)
Indira Gandhi (First Lady Prime minister of India)
Bachandri Pal (First Indian Lady to climb the Mount Everest)

Q5. Are these women less known than men? Why?

Answer: No these women are not less known than the men. These women have brought huge pride and respect to the country in their respective fields.

Q6. How would you find the world to be, if girls never got a chance to take part in games, drama or dance? How would you feel if such a thing happened to boys?

Answer: If girls never got a chance to take part in games, drama or dance then there would be no competitions or challenges among people and hence it would become uneven world. Similarly in case of boys when it is vice-versed.

Q7. Do you know of any woman or girl who you would want to be like when you grow up? (Think of names other than a film actor or a model)

Answer: Yes I would want to become like Sunita Williams (Astronaut) when I grow up.

Think and write

Q1. The newspaper report said, “Afsana has jumped over the wall. The gender wall that her mother had put up for her.” Think and write in your own words, what was this wall? What do you understand by ‘gender bias’?

Answer: The word wall here refers to the gender bias. Usually in rural parts of India there still exists the differentiation between the genders. Girls are usually not allowed to study, work or do anything of her choice, boys are given more attention than girls. Here, Afsana’s mother is trying to tell Afsana to continue with the household work rather than to work outside. Firstly this gender bias has to be removed from people’s mind and equal rights has to be given to both girls and boys.

What we have learnt

Q1. Should games for boys and girls be different? Think and write what you feel.

Answer: I feel there should be no different games for boys or girls. Games give a relief for mind be it a boy or a girl. Physical activity is an important aspect in child’s life. Playing different games allows child’s mind to be active. So there should not be any differentiation between boys or girls.

Q2. If you are made the leader of a team, how will you prepare your team?

Answer: If I were made the leader of a team, I would just prepare them as the Nagpada team by keeping in mind few things such as:

Encouraging them to play enthusiastically.
Respect each other in a team.
Maintaining cooperation among the team.
Never discourage anyone and support each other in difficult times.
Have a healthy competition.

Chapter- 17 across the wall
Work book works
Multiple choice questions (M.C.Q. s)
Whose mother work in the flat?
Afsana
Who was the coach of the NBA team?
Noor khan
What is the full form of NBA?
Nagpada basketball association
Whose father was trained by Bacchu Khan?
Afreen
Whose mother encouraged her to play?
Khushnoor
Fill in the blanks
Coorparalim between the members is the strength of team.
If you have a wish or a dream have courage to speak about it and give
your best to fulfil them
It is good for boys to play.
When a lot of guts and courage the team has reached the semi-finals of
a __________ level tournaments.
Sir says “ keep playing even if you get a little injured
Write true or false.
NBA was the first girls team in Mumbai – True
Zarin’s brother was happy to see Zarin playing basketball- false
Both boys and girls go back to their homes as soon as they finished. –
false
Answer the following questions
Why did Afreen’s father encourage Afreen to play?
Ans: - Afreen’s father encourages Afreen’s to play because when he was
young man. He was a good players and he trained from Bachhu Khan
because of his responsibility of home he couldn’t play more so he
couldn’t understand his daughter wish.
Wirte the reaction of Zarin’s younger brother on Zarin’s playing
Ans: - after hearing Zarin’s wish her younger brother one who was five
years old. Told to mummy that “why do you send didi to play.” She does
not look nice playing like that on the ground such plays are for boys and
girls are
Should games for boys and girls be different? Think and write what you
Ans: - There is no any differences in game for boys and girls all the
games can play both girls and boys because of biological difference
people thinking such a way.
How was Afsana inspired to play?
Ans: - Afsana and her friends hope to work hard and play for their
country and bring glory to their area and their country and they want to
become popular like the cricketers and win gold medal.
Why did Afreen’s grandmother scold their coach sir?
Ans:- Afreen’s grandmother scolded her coach sir because of their play
further they play they need proper equipment and need to have a lot of
milk for strength but they don’t have enough money for all these
purpose so she got angry with them.

Chapter 18 No Place Gor Us text book question answers

Think and tell:

Q1: Jatrya felt alone, even in a crowd of people. Have you ever felt like this?

Answer: Yes, there are times I felt alone even in a crowd of people. When I joined school even though many people surrounded me, I felt alone.

Q2: Imagine how it feels to leave one’s own place and go far away to live in a new place?

Answer: It is very difficult to leave one’s own place and go far away to live in a new place. The people, place everything looks strange.

Q3: Why do you think families like that of Jatrya’s are coming to big cities?

Answer: Because small cities and villages do not have much opportunities. Big cities have much opportunities for education as well as for jobs.

Q4: Have you seen any children (in your school or neighborhood) who also go to work?

Answer: Yes, I saw many children go to work.

Q5: What kind of work do they do? Why do they have to work?

Answer: They use to sell something, cleaning the vehicles and serving the food in hotels.

Tell:

Q1: In Khedi village what all did children learn?

Answer: Children in Khedi village learnt dancing, playing flute and dhol, making vessels and other things from bamboo and clay and recognizing birds and imitating their sounds.

Q2: What do you learn from your elders?

Answer: I learnt maintaining love and affection towards people and animals, respecting the elders, helping others in their difficult times and many more.

Q3: Jatrya learnt so many things in Khedi. How many of those would be useful for him in Mumbai?

Answer: Jatrya learnt so many things in khedi which will be helpful in Mumbai. Some of them are playing flutes, dhol and selling the goods these will help in earning money in Mumbai.

Q4: Do you hear the sounds of birds every day? Which ones?

Answer: Yes, I hear the sounds of some birds like crow, pigeon and sparrow.

Q5: What are some of the sounds that you hear every day, but the people of Khedi may not be hearing?

Answer: I use to hear horn of vehicles, sound of ambulance and police vehicle siren.

Q6: Have you experienced silence? When and where?

Answer: Yes, I experienced silence in library and while sleeping.

Discuss And Tell:

Q1: Many people in Jatrya’s village did not agree to move away from their land and forest. Why? They had to leave even though they didn’t want to. Why?

Answer: The land and forest were associated with fond memories of many generations of people. Their forefathers had been living on the land since a long period. They were forced to leave the place by government officials and the police. Moreover, they were also promised to be sent to a better place. They were promised that the new place would have better facilities in terms of electricity and water.

Q2: In Khedi, how many people were there in Jatrya’s family? When he thought about his family who all came to his mind?

Answer: There were three people in Jatrya’s family in Khedi. But for Jatrya the whole village like her family. When he thought about his family his future wife and his future children came to his mind.

Q3: Who all come to your mind when you think about your family?

Answer: When I think about my family, my parents, grandparents, cousins all come to my mind.

Q4: Have you heard of people who don’t want to be moved from their old place? Talk about them.

Answer: Yes, my grandparents don’t want to be moved from their old place because they won’t feel comfortable in cities and they love to enjoy fresh air and open space of village.

Q5: Do you know some people who have never been to school? Do you also know of any place where there is no school?

Answer: yes, my grandparents never been to school. I heard there is no school in some villages of Meghalaya.

Imagine:

Q1: Think of the kinds of difficulties people have to face where a dam is being built.

Answer: People face many difficulties where a dam is being built. They are people are forced to leave their place along with family, houses, farms and agricultural fields get destroyed, they have to relocate to new place and have to struggle for work, education and medical facilities.

Write:

Q1: Was Sinduri like the village of Jatrya’s dreams?

Answer: Sinduri village is not like the village of Jatrya’s dreams.

Q2: What difference did he find between Sinduri and his dream village?

Answer: The houses in Sinduri village is made up of tin sheets and were very weak, there was no electricity in Sinduri village, there was no open space, schools and hospitals were there in Sinduri along with bad smell coming from burning of tire. Thus Sinduri village is totally different from Jatrya’s dream village.

Q3: Have you ever been to anyone’s house as an ‘unwanted guest’? How did you feel?

Answer: No, I have never been to anyone’s house as an ‘unwanted guest’. Unwanted guests would not be treated properly and they will feel lonely.

Q4: What all does your family do, when you have guests at home for a few days?

Answer: When guests come to our home for few days we will treat them in special way by preparing nice dishes, we provide all facilities which are they need for their comfortable stay along with love and care.

Think:

Q1: What had Jatryabhai thought while moving to Mumbai? Did he find Mumbai as he had imagined?

Answer: The problems of Sinduri village made Jatrya think as if he was an unwanted guest in the village. He wanted to leave Sinduri. As he could not go back to Khedi so he thought of moving to Mumbai. He did not find Mumbai as he had imagined, it was difficult to live in Mumbai.

Q2: What kind of school do you think Jatrya’s children would be going to in Mumbai?

Answer: Jatrya’s children would be studying in government school in Mumbai.

Find out and write:

Q1: Have you ever read or heard of a city slum being removed? How do you feel about this?

Answer: Yes, I heard in the news the slum being removed from an area of Yamuna River which is located in Delhi. I felt very bad for these people who use to stay in slums without shelter and food.

Q2: People also shift from one place to another when they get transferred in their jobs? How do they feel then?

Answer: Transfer is an integral part of jobs so people should shift from one place to another. In this situation they feel very bad to leave their friends, colleagues and their house. In new place again they have to search for schools, work place and have to adjust for new people and new environment.

Chapter – 18 No Place For Us

workbook works

➢ Multiple choice questions ( MCQS):

Roofs made of tin keep houses.

(B) warm

People collected things from the …

(B) Forests

➢ Fill in the blanks:

A big wall built across the river is called a dam.
The only dream of Jatryabhai was to send his children to school.
Jatrya was born in khedi village.
People of sinduri called them unwanted guests.
Jatryabhai moved from khedi to sinduri and from the he moved to Mumbai.

➢ Write True or False:

Jatrya’s parents were so sad about leaving khedi that they died. True
Roofs made of tin keeps houses call in summers. False
Jatryabhai has a family of distant relatives in Mumbai who helped them to settle there. False
There was hills and jungles near khedi village. True
Jatryabhai had to shift from sinduri to khedi. False

➢ Answer the following questions:

Since when was Jatrya’s family living in khedi village ? Where they happy there ?

Ans. Jatrya was born in khedi village, were the people are living together with harmony and happy,

life a big family.

What did people of the village have to do for their living ?

Ans. People of khedi village are worked hard in the fields and caught fish from the river, and sell

collected fruits, roofs and plants from the forest in the town.

➢ Explain the following terms by using the dictionary:

Demolition – The process of pulls or knock down something like building or plants.
Transfer – To move from one place to another place.
Migration – The process of move from one place to another place for work or live.
Immigration – The process of coming to live in another country permanently.
Emigration – To leave a country permanently and go to live in another one.

Chapter 19 A seed Tells a Famer’s Story

Text book question answers

Tell:

Q1: Are rotis made in your home? From which grains are they made?

Answer: Yes, rotis are made in my home. They are made from wheat and sometimes from rice and ragi.

Q2: Have you eaten roti made from bajra or jowar? Did you like these?

Answer: Yes, I have eaten roti made from bajra and jowar. They were very tasty.

Find out and Write:

Q1: In your house what is done to protect grains and pulses from insects?

Answer: We use to keep pulses and grains in air tight container and some pulses are sun dried.

Q2: Which are the different festivals related to farming, celebrated in different seasons? Find out more about any one such festival and write in your notebook – The name of the festival, in which season is it celebrated, in which states of India, what special foods are made, is it celebrated only at home with the family, or together with many people.

Answer: There are many festivals related to farming. They are pongal, lohri, Baisaki, Makara Sankranthi, holi and more. Makara Sankranthi is celebrated in Karnataka during winter season. Yellu Bella is made in the main dish in this festival. In Tamilnadu Makara Sankranthi is celebrated as Pongal. Likewise Lohri is celebrated in Punjab during winter season.

Q3: Talk to the elders in your family and find out if there were some special foods cooked earlier that are not cooked anymore?

Answer: Gruel is the food consisting of some type of cereal—oat, wheat, or rye flour or rice—boiled in water or milk were made in home.

Q4: Find out about the crops – cereals, vegetables, pulses – that are grown in your area. Of those, is there anything that is famous across the country?

Answer: Many crops like wheat, coffee, pepper, banana, and rice. Of these rice is famous across the country.

Q5: Can you recognise these grains?

Answer:

Discuss:

Q1: The bajra seed saw differences in the way Damjibhai and Hasmukh did farming (for example, in irrigation, ploughing, etc.). What were these differences?

Answer: Damjibhai did farming in a different way than how Hasmukh did. Damjibhai followed the traditional method of farming. He used bullocks to plough the field. He stored grains to be used as seeds. Hasmukh on the other hand started modern or new methods of farming. He bought tractor to plough the field. Expensive fertilizers used to grow more crops.

Q2: Hasmukh said, “With profits from our fields, we can progress.” What is your understanding of ‘progress’?

Answer: Progress means a better lifestyle. People get better standard of living like education, medical and nutritious food.

Write:

Q1: What kind of progress would you like to see in your area?

Answer: I would like to see well equipped hospitals, better roads, good transport system and a good education systems in schools.

Discuss and think:

Q1: What can happen to Hasmukh’s farm after some years?

Answer: Hasmukh’s farm will lose fertility after some years because Hasmukh is using chemical fertilizers.

Q2: Damjibhai’s son Hasmukh chose to become a farmer like his father. Hasmukh’s son Paresh is not a farmer, but a truck driver. Why would he have done so?

Answer: Paresh could see that his father was running into losses. Farming had become a capital intensive activity with little profit. Hence, Paresh would have decided to switch to a new occupation.

Q3: The seeds were not sure that what Hasmukh was talking about was really progress. What do you feel?

Answer: I think the new method of agriculture tends to overexploit the soil and other resources. This leads to the loss of fertility of soil which may result in land becoming barren. A machine can do the work of many people which leaves many people jobless. Too much irrigation depletes the ground water and thus leaves little water for future. Apparently it looks like progress, but it is not the real progress.

Q4: Have there been any changes near your area, which may be difficult to call ‘progress’? What changes are these? What are the different opinions about them?

Answer: Yes, there are many changes which may not be called progress in the real sense. Let us take example of growing number of vehicles on road. More vehicles made traveling easier but it is also reason for air and noise pollution. Similarly, many machines have been invented which can do the job of thousands of people and thus thousands of people are jobless.

Class 5 EVS Chapter 19

– A Seed Tells a Farmer’s Story includes different examples and questions such as:

Changes in agricultural practices.

How do farmers get the seeds to plant?

Festivals related to farming.

Identifying and determining suitable conditions for farming and seed germination.

How do we grow food?

Tools used for preparing the field, cutting and harvesting.

Bajra seed.

Chapter – 19 –A Seed Tells a Farmer’s Stroy

Workbook solutions

Q.I. Multiple Choice Questions: -

In older times good seeds were stored in dried
c) Gourd
Farmers in earlier times kept which leaves near seeds to protect them from insects?
d) Neem
Which of the following is a natural fertilizer?
d) Cowdung
Which plant gives a signal that the tlayer of the soil has become dry?
c) Croton

Q.II. Fill in the blanks: -

In earlier times, cotton was spun on the Charkha (Spinning Wheel)
Electricity came due to the construction of a dam.
Undhiya was eaten with bajra roties.
As the people ate, they would remember how tasty the food was in the past fresh from the field.
The tractor could do in a day what the bullocks would take many days to do.

Q.III. True or False: -

Fertilizers from factories are cheaper than the natural fertilizers of earlier times. – False
Soil is not the same as it used to be. – False
Compost is natural fertilizers. – True
The quality of crop is better in modern times. – False
It is good for the soil to grow the same crop throughout the year. – False

Q.IV. Match the following: -

Column - A Column – B

– Ploughing
– Irrigation
– Threshing
– Sowing
– Harvesting

Chapter 20 Whose Forests

Textbook question answers

Discuss:

Q1: What do you think is a forest?

Answer: Forest is a large area covered with varities of trees. It provides shelter for animals, insects and birds.

Q2: If someone grew lots of trees close to each other, would this become a forest?

Answer: No, this would not become a forest because it won’t grow thicker like forest.

Find out and Write:

Q1: Other than trees what all is there in a forest?

Answer: Apart from trees, forest consists of animals, birds and insects.

Q2: Do all forests have similar types of trees? How many trees can you identify?

Answer: No, all forests does not have similar types of trees. I can identify the trees like banyan tree, neem tree, mango tree and sandal tree.

Q3: Suryamani says, “If the forests are not there, we too will not remain.” Why so?

Answer: Because they help to maintain the balance of environment. Green plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen which is a basic need. Forest also provides

Shelter, food for many living beings.

Think and Write:

Q1: Do you know anyone who loves the forest?

Answer: Yes, I and my parents love forest.

Q2: The contractor did not allow Suryamani’s people to go into the forest. Why?

Answer: The contractor may have been in the forest for cutting the trees to sell somewhere. He may not want local people to use forest resources and hence did not allow Suryamani’s people to go in to the forest.

Q3: Is there any place around your area which you feel should be open to everyone, but where people are not allowed to go?

Answer: Yes, there is a pond in my place which should be open to everyone but for safety purpose they won’t allow to go there.

Discuss:

Q1: Who do you think the forest belongs to?

Answer: Forests belongs to everyone.

Q2: Bhudhiyamai said –“Forest is our ‘collective bank’ – not yours or mine alone.” Are there other things which are our collective wealth? So if someone uses more, everyone would suffer?

Answer: Yes, there are some other things which are our collective wealth. They are ground water, minerals, and fossils.

Think and Write:

Q1: Do you have a friend with whom you can share everything?

Answer: Yes, I have a friend with whom I can share everything.

Q2: Some people have moved so far away from the forest, that they can’t understand the lives of forest people. Some even call them ‘jungli’. Why is it not correct to say this?

Answer: The word jungli referred as uncivilized. These peoples have their own distinct culture. They are not civilized rather they are living in a way which is different than our way of living. Hence it is wrong to call them jungli.

Q3: What do you know about how adivasis live? Write and draw a picture.

Answer: Adivasis lives in a forest. They use flowers and leaves as their clothes. They use forest products for their basic needs. They use trees as their medical herbs.

Q4: Do you have an adivasi friend? What have you learnt about the forest from her.

Answer: No, I don’t have adivasi friend.

Think:

Q1: Do you know of anyone who works to save forests?

Answer: Yes, I know she is famous for planting trees and her name is Saalu Marada Thimmakka.

Q2: What is your dream? What will you do to make your dream come true?

Answer: I want to become doctor. I will read well to make my dream come true.

Tell:

Q1: Is there any factory or some construction work going on in and around your area? What type of work?

Answer: Yes, construction work is going on my area. Metro construction is going on my area.

Q2: Due to the factory is there any effect on the trees and land? Have the people in that area raised this issue?

Answer: Yes, due to construction pollution trees are affected. Now, people of that particular area raised this issue.

Look at the map and write:

Q1: What all is shown in the map?

Answer: The given map is map of India which shows states and forests located in India.

Q2: Is there a sea close to Orissa? How did you find out?

Answer: Yes, Bay of Bengal is closer to Orissa. I found by the help of map.

Q3: Which are the states which have the sea on one side?

Answer: The following states have sea on one side. They are Kerala, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telagana, Gujarat, Orissa and West Bengal.

Q4: Where is Suryamani’s state Jharkhand on the map?

Answer: Jharkhand is situated in south of Bihar.

Q5: Where are forests on the map? How will you find these?

Answer: Forests are in almost all states of India. Forests are marked in green colour.

Q6: How can you find out which states have very thick forests and which have less thick forests?

Answer: Thick forests are marked in dark green colour and less thick forests are marked in parrot or light green colour.

Q7: For someone in Madhya Pradesh, in which direction would the country’s thickest forests be? Name those states.

Answer: For someone in Madhya Pradesh, the country’s thickest forests would be in north and in east. The states with thick forests are Arunachal Pradesh, Uttharkhand, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh.

Find out:

Q1: Which are the states around Mizoram?

Answer: The States around Mizoram are Tripura, Assam and Manipur.

Q2: Chamui said they measure land using tin. Which are the other ways of measuring land?

Answer: Some of the other ways to measure land are in yards, square meters and in feet.

Q3: Returning from school, children drank water in a bamboo cup. Who do you think would have made this cup and kept it in the forest? Why?

Answer: The adivasis would have made this cups. They made those cups to help travelers.

Q4: What could be done to save forests?

Answer: Some of the measures to save forests are:

Chapter 20 Whose forests?

Workbook solutions

Multiple choice questions

What was the name of Suryamani’s centre?

(A)Torang

(ii) In Mizoram how much of the people are linked to forest?

(D) 75%

(iii) To which community did Suryamani belon?

Kuduk

(iv) suryamani was associated with which movement?

Jharkhand Jungle Bachao Andolan

(V) To which state did suryamani belong?

(c)Jharkhand

2 Fill in the blanks

Torang means jungle in Kuduk
Ash makes the land
The main crop of Jhoom farming is
Suryamani passed her BA after getting a married.

3 Write true or false

The school in Bishanpur was near thick forest.-True
Suryamani was 31 when she opened her centre’Torang’.-False
In Mizoram very few children go to school.-False
Mizoram located in coastal area.- True
In Jhoom farming different crops can be grown on the same farm.-True

Chapter 21 Like Father,Like Daughter

Text book question answers

Tell:

Q1: Does your face or anything else look similar to that of someone else in your family? What is it?

Answer: Yes, some my facial features resembles my parents. My eyes and eye lashes are like my mother, teeth like my father.

Q2: Did someone tell you this or did you find it out yourself?

Answer: My relatives and neighbors told to me this.

Q3: How do you feel when people compare you with someone else in your family? Why do you feel so?

Answer: I feel happy because I am a part of great family.

Q4: Who laughs the loudest in your family? Laugh like that person.

Answer: My uncle laughs loudest in my family.

Q5: Make a list of all the family members from Nilima’s nani to little Samir. How they all are related to Nilima? Write.

Answer: List of Nilima’s family members:

Nani – Nilima’s grandmother

Eldest nani – Nilima’s nani’s sister

Elder son of nani – Nilima’s mama

Kiran – Nilima’s cousin

Samir – Nilima’s nephew

Find out:

Q1: In your family are there any such examples of uncle-nephews or brother-sisters, where there is a big difference in the age? Find out from your elders.

Answer: Yes, I do have uncle-nephews, brother and sisters are in my family where there is big age difference in the age.

Find out And Write:

Q1: Does Nilima have curly hair like her nani’s? Now you look for some special trait in your sister or brother (could also be cousins). Like the colour of eyes, dimples in cheeks, height, broad or sharp nose, voice, etc. See if this trait comes from the father’s side or the mother’s side. Make this table in your notebook and fill it. An example is given.

Answer: Yes, Nilima have curly hair like her nani’s.

Q2: Have you seen a very young child in your (or any other) family? Whom does the child’s eyes, nose, hair or fingers look like in the family? Write their names.

Answer: Yes, I have seen my aunt’s child. Child’s eyes like mother, nose like father, hair like child’s brother and fingers like grandfather.

Q3: Nilima’s hair is like her nani’s – thick and curly. Nilima’s mother has straight, brown and limp hair? What type of hair do you have – black or brown, oily or dry?

Answer: I have black straight hair.

Q4: What is the colour of your hair? Measure and write the length of your hair.

Answer: My hair colour is black it is nearly 35cm.

Q5: Is your hair like that of anyone else in your family? If yes, then name the person.

Answer: Yes, it is like my father.

Q6: Who has the longest hair in your family?

Answer: My mother has the longest hair in my family.

Q7: How many people do you know whose hair is longer than one metre? Does having long hair run in their family?

Answer: My teacher has longer hair than one metre. Yes, I heard having long hair runs in her family.

Q8: Do you know how to measure your height? Measure yourself from head to toe and write how tall you are.

Answer: Yes, I know how to measure height. I can do it using measuring tape or meter scale. My height is about 130cm.

Q9: How tall do you think you will be when you grow up? Is anyone else in your family of the same height?

Answer: I think I will be about 5.8 feet in height when I grow up because my father’s height is 5.8 feet.

Discuss:

Q1: What is similar between Saroja and Suvasini? What is different?

Answer: Both Saroja and Suvasini look like mirror images because they are twin sisters. Suvasini can speak both Marathi and Tamil, while Saroja can speak only Tamil. Suvasini is a good singer while Saroja is karate exponent.

Q2: Do you know any twins? What is similar in them? How are they different?

Answer: Yes, there are two twin sisters in my school. They look similar in almost every traits. One of them has a long nose.

But not this from parents:

Q1: Have you read or heard anything about polio? Where?

Answer: Yes, I heard about polio in newspaper.

Q2: Have you read or heard any news about ‘pulse polio’? What?

Answer: Yes, I heard about pulse polio. It is a program conducted by government to eradicate the polio from the country. Child below five years will give two drops of medicine and this is free of cost.

Q3: Do you know of anyone who has polio?

Answer: I saw many people who have polio.

Chapter 21 Like Father Like Faughter

Workbook solutions

1 Multiple choice Questions

Born with the similarities of our parents as well as our relatives are called

Hereditary features

Gregor Mendel was born in
Austria
Who discovered that characteristics are passed on from parents to children:

(b) Gregor Mandal

2 Fill in the blanks

Some trades Of Habits we get from our family where as some habits and skills are learnt from our environment
An------------ childdoes not resemble the people who bring it up.
Gregor Mendel explain the transfer of traits to the next generation using pea plant.
Legs are affected when a person suffers from polio

6 answer the following questions based on Mendel and his experiments.

When and where was member born?
- Mandel born in Austria in 1822.
What was his father’s occupation?

He is a former.

Was mendel fond of studies?
- Yes, He was very fond of studies.
What did Mandel want to become?
- When they’ll want to become a science teacher
Why did Mendel always keep failing in his exams?

(A) Because of his nervous always keep failing in his exams.

why did Mendel become a monk?
- Because he did not have money to study at the University. So he thought of becoming a’ monk’ in a monastery.

chapter 22 On The Move Again workbook work

1 multiple choice questions

Mukadam is an agent for sugar cane factories.
Harrow renoves : A) Insects
Animals used for ploughing in India, are:

2 Fill in the blanks:

Mukadam is an agent for Sugarcane
Forsix months Dhanu and many children like him will not be able to go to school.
Too old and ill people stayed back in the village.
The caravan of families would settle near sugarcane fields and factories.
If Children ----they can be come good persons in life and have a better future.

3 write true or false:

Mukadam is an agent who lends money-True
Farming is also posible without rain.-False
Dhanu was fond of studies.-True
Near a sugarcane field people live in huts made of dry sugarcane and leaves.-True
Dhanu helps his father in wheat fields. False

4 write about various methods of irrigation in the farms

Tubewells: Shallow tube wells are constructed by boring, driving and jetting. The wells constructed by these methods are designated as bored wells, driven wells and jetted wells.
Canals: A canal is an artificial channel that is constructed to carry water to the fields to perform irrigation. The water is taken either from the river, tank or reservoirs. The canals can be constructed either by means of concrete, stone, brick or any sort of flexible membrane which solves the durability issues like seepage and erosion.
Rivers: Rivers carry water and nutrients to areas all around the earth. They play a very important part in the water cycle, acting as drainage channels ...
Ponds: Farm pond. Farm Pond is a dug out structure with definite shape and size having proper inlet and outlet structures for collecting the surface runoff flowing from the farm It is one of the most important rain water harvesting structures constructed at the lowest portion of the farm area.
1. Any other:e way to conserve water is through rainwater harvesting. Rainwater harvesting is simply the act of collecting rainwater during and/or after rainfalls. Once rainwater has been collected, it is treated and stored for re-use.

5 Answer the following questions based on Dusshera celebration in Dhanu’s village.

Who will have come to the Dhanu’s house?
- All the relatives of the Dhanu’s have come to Dhanu’s house house.
Why have they come to Dhanu’s house?
- To celebrate dussehra.
What things have Dhanu’s mother and aunt prepared?
- Puranpoli alongwith spicy kadi dish.
Why did everybody’s mood change in the evening?
- After Dussehra Celebration they have to leave their village and want to go to sugar cane fields for 6 months for repaing their loans.

ENVIRONMENT

Chapter 1 Super Senses

QUESTIONS FROM TEXTBOOK SOLVED

Chapter 2 A Snake Charmer’s

QUESTIONS FROM TEXTBOOK SOLVED

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Question Discuss and Write:

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Mangoes Round The Year

Chapter 6 Every Drop Counts

QUESTIONS FROM TEXTBOOK SOLVED

QCHAPTER -8

A TREAT FOR MOSQUITOES

1. Do you know anyone who has had malaria?

2. How did they find out that they had malaria.

3. What problems did they having on malaria?

4. What other diseases can be caused by mosquito bites?

5. In which season is malaria more common? Why do you think this happens?

6. What do you do in your house to protect yourself from mosquitoes? Also find out form your friends about what they do?

7. Look at the report of the blood test given on text page. Which words in the report helps us to know that the patient has malaria?

9. How much did Aarti’s heamoglobin go up and how long did it take for that?

10. What does the newspaper report say about the problems caused by anemia?

11. Have you or anyone in your family ever needed to get a blood test? When and why?

12. What was found out by the blood test?

13. Have you had a health check-up in your school? What did the doctor tell you?

14. Have you seen any poster like this put up anywhere?

15. Who do you think puts up such posters, or gives ads in the newspaper?

16. What are the same of the important points given in the poster?

17. Why do you think pictures of a tank, cooler and pots are shown in the poster?

18. Why do you think it talks about putting fish in the tank. What do you think the fish eats?

19. What will happen when oil is spread on the water?

21. Since how many days has the water collected here?

22. Has it caused any problem in the area?

23. Who is responsible for keeping these places clean?

24. Who is supposed to get the gutters and drains repaired?

25. Can any larvae be seen in the collected water?

5. How much have they studied?

6. Have they tried to look for some other work?

7. Did the elders in their family also do this work?

8. What kind of difficulties do they face in doing this work?

9. What are the differences kinds of work being done in this drawing. List any five of these.

10. If you were asked to do any five jobs shown in this picture, which would you choose.

11. Which five jobs would you not choose? Why?

12. What kind of work or jobs do people not want to do? Why?

13. So, who does this kind of work? Why do people do this kind of work that others do not want to do?

14. What would happen if nobody did this work? If nobody cleared the garbage lying outside your school or your house for one week, then what would happen. Think of same ways so that people would not to do the work they don’t like to do. Draw a picture of what you thought.

15. Why did Gandhiji and his team start doing the job of cleaning? What do you think about this?

16. Do you know any such people in your area who try to help others in solving their problems? Find out.

17. What are the toilet arrangements in your house? Where is the toilet? Inside the house or outside? Who cleans the toilet?

18. How did the man who was returning from the toilet behave with Mehadevbhai? Why did he behave like this?

19. How do people generally behave with those people who cleans toilets and drains? Write.

20. Narayan and Gandhiji discussed all this many years ago. Have things changed now?

21. Who does the cleaning in your school? What all has to be cleaned?

22. Do all the children like you help in this? If yes, how?

23. If all do not help, why not?

24. Do all the children do all kinds of work?

25. Do they sometimes have to miss classes to do this work?

26. Do the girls and the boys do the same kinds of work.

27. What work do you do at home?

28. Is the work done by boys and girls, men and women the same?

29. Would you like to bring some change? What kind?

30. Do people look at different kinds of work in the same way? If not, why is this so? Why is it important to bring change?

31. Gandhiji used to say that every person should do every kind of work. What do you feel about this? If everyone followed this, what are the things that would change? What are the some changes that will happen in your own house?

Chapter 20 Whose Forests